贵阳市首例人禽流感病例的流行病学调查  

Epidemiological survey of first avian influenza case in Guiyang

作　　者：杨金芝[1] 梁永奎[1] 李娜[1] 陆朝国[1] 陈梅[1] 李学[1] 李小英[1] 谢荣恒[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵阳市疾病预防控制中心,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第1期13-15,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的对贵阳市首例人禽流感病例进行流行病学调查分析,为贵阳市今后更好地防控人间禽流感疫情提供依据。方法对患者、密切接触者和患者暴露的集贸市场开展现场流行病学调查,并采集密切接触者、集贸市场环境标本进行检测分析。结果病例经国家CDC检测结果为禽流感病毒(H5N1)核酸检测阳性,确定该病例为人感染高致病性禽流感患者。对患者居住地周围农贸市场进行采样检测,结果显示农贸市场外环境被H5N1污染,对密切接触者和市场禽类销售人员进行的追踪及医学观察并未发现阳性结果。为进一步调查贵阳市农贸市场污染状况,对贵阳市辖区内农贸市场、养殖场和活禽批发市场采集645份环境标本进行检测,结果农贸市场、养殖场等存在A(H5N1)污染,并以鸭的感染高于鸡,隐性感染或带H5N1大量存在,表明非疫区无症状带毒禽有可能作为禽流感传播。结论该市高致病性禽流感防控工作形势严峻,要认真贯彻卫生部提出的各项防控人间禽流感疫情的各种防控措施,防止禽流感疫情向人间扩散与传播。OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the first human avian influenza case of Guiyang, provide a better basis for preventing and controlling human avian influenza in the future. METHODS Carried out field epidemiological survey in the pa- tients, close contacts and the farmers＇ markets, detected and analyzed the samples from close contacts and the outdoor envi- ronment of farmers＇ markets. RESULTS The result of the detection of national CDC showed that avian influenza virus （HSN1） was detected positive for nucleic acid of the case, therefore to determine this patient was infected with highly pathogenic human avian influenza. After sampled and detected the farmers＇ markets around the patient residence, the test results showed that the outdoor environment of farmers＇ markets were polluted by HSN1.Put all the close contacts and poultry sales staffs under tracking and medical observation, found no positive results.To further investigate the farmers＇ markets pollution of Guiyang, we detected 645 environmental samples from the farmers＇ markets, farms and live poultry wholesale markets, which showed that the farm- ers＇ markets, farms and so on were polluted by type A （HSN1）, with higher infections in ducks than chickens, and a lot of recessive or HSNI infections, thus the poultry that carried the virus without symptoms from non-avian influenza epidemic area may be the source of infection. CONCLUSION In Guiyang, the situation of preventing and controlling highly pathogenic human avian influenza is grim, we should conscientiously implement the various measures according to Ministry of Health proposed to prevent and control avian influenza epidemics.

关 键 词：禽流感 人禽流感 流行病学调查 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]