列车运行前后车厢内环境污染调查分析  

Analysis on pollution of inside environment of train before and after running

作　　者：叶绍燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]南宁铁路局疾病预防控制中心,广西南宁530003

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第1期18-20,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解列车运行前后列车厢内环境污染状况。方法对列车运行前、后车厢内各类空气污染因子进行调查分析。结果列车运行后,软卧车厢内PM10、硬卧车厢内细菌总数及硬座车、软卧车、餐车车厢内噪声超出国家标准,其他各类检测指标均符合国家标准。列车运行后车厢内照度、噪声平均值较运行前分别增加87～585Lx、8.6～15.7dB。列车运行后:各车厢内照度明显高于运行前,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);软卧、餐车车厢内PM10浓度明显高于运行前,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);硬座、硬卧车厢内CO2浓度高于运行前,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论列车运行后不同车厢内各项空气污染指标均呈上升趋势。应针对不同车厢内超标的污染因子,采取有效可行的污染控制措施,提高列车车厢内环境空气质量。OBJECTIVE To understand the situation of environmental pollution inside the trains run before and after the run- ning. METHODS Investigated and analyzed various types of air pollution factors inside train before running. RESULTS After train ran, PM0 in soft sleeper, the total number of bacteria in hard sleeper compartment, noise inside hard seat compartment, soft sleeper compartment, dining car exceeded the national standard, other indexes were in line with national standards. Com- pared before running, inside illumination, noise averagely increased 87-585Lx, 8.6-15.7dB after running. Illumination was significantly higher after running than before running in each ear of train, there was a significant difference （P 〈 0.05） ; PM^0 in soft sleeper, dining car were significantly higher after running than before running, there was a significant difference （P 〈 0.05） ; CO2 concentration in hard seat, hard sleeper compartment were higher after running than before running, there was a significant difference （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION The air pollution indexes show an upward trend in the different compartments of the train after running. According to pollution factors that exceed standard in the different compartments, feasible and effec- tive measures of controlling pollution should be carried out to improve ambient air quality inside the train compartments.

关 键 词：列车 运行前后 车内环境 污染调查 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]