流动妇女生殖健康相关行为的影响因素研究  

Research on influencing factors of floating women’s reproductive healthrelated behaviors

作　　者：张瑞[1] 刘巧兰[1] 杨洋[1] 张莎[1] 何芙蓉[1] 国胜[1] 周欢[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院健康教育教研室,四川成都610041

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第1期190-193,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(70673067);四川大学优秀青年科学研究基金(校青07022)

摘　　要：目的运用健康信念模式深入研究流动妇女生殖健康相关行为的影响因素,为进一步制定有效的干预措施提供科学依据。方法在成都市某区采用应答推动抽样方法获取样本,以健康信念模式为指导设计调查问卷,利用通径分析探讨流动妇女生殖健康相关行为的影响因素。结果共调查流动妇女493人。其中,坚持每天或隔日清洗外阴的占96.0%,接受过妇科检查的占47.8%,定期体检的占13.5%。通径分析结果表明,年龄、婚姻状况、月收入、知觉到障碍和自我效能5个变量对妇女生殖健康相关行为有直接作用(P﹤0.05)。直接通径系数按照影响程度大小分别为知觉到障碍(P10y=-0.472)、自我效能(P11y=0.237)、婚姻状况(P2y=-0.119)、月收入(P5y=0.085)和年龄(P1y=0.085)。社会人口学特征中,年龄和月收入通过知觉到障碍、户口通过自我效能对生殖健康相关行为有间接影响(P﹤0.05),间接通径系数分别为r110*P101=-0.011,r510*P105=-0.009,r411*P114=0.002。结论年龄、月收入和知觉到障碍3个因素对生殖健康相关行为不仅有重要的直接作用还有间接作用,提示低收入的年轻流动妇女应当作为今后开展干预工作的重点人群,帮助她们克服障碍,提高自我效能将有助于改善流动妇女的生殖健康相关行为。OBJECTIVE To research the influencing factors in preventing genital tract diseases and related behaviors of female floating population based on the theory of health belief model （HBM）, so as to provide basis for formulating effective preventing and controlling measures. METHODS The sample population was selected by RDS sampling method and questionnaires were designed on the theoretical basis of HBM, the data were analyzed by path analysis. RESULTS 493 women were fitting for the standards of genital health research. In the health-related behaviors, the population insisting on cleaning the vulva everyday accounted for 96.0%, 47.8% of achieving pelvic examination and 13.5% of periodic physical examination. The results of path analysis indicated that there were five variables which were age, marriage, monthly-income, perceived barriers and self- efficacy that had the direct influence on reproductive heahh-related behaviors and P-value 〈 0.05. Path coefficients according with the impact were respectively perceived barriers （Pi0y = -0.472）, self-efficacy （Plly = 0.237） , marriage （P2y = -0.119）, monthly-income （P~ = 0.085） and age （Ply = 0.085）. Age and monthly-income had indirect influence on the target behaviors through the viable of perceived barriers and registered permanent residence to the target behaviors through the viable of selfefficacy and P-value 〈 0.05. Indirect path coefficients were respectively ruo＊Plo = -0.011, r51o＊P1os = -0.009, r4uPu4 = 0.002. CONCLUSION Age, monthly-income, perceived barriers have indirect and direct influence on reproductive health-related behaviors, which indicates that the following intervention keys should focus on the young floating women with low-income.

关 键 词：健康信念模式 流动妇女 生殖健康相关行为 影响因素 通径分析 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]