土壤中细菌产氨代谢对农田生态系统的意义  

Significance of Ammonia Production in Soil to the Ecosystem of Farmlands

作　　者：王国兴[1] 徐福利[2] 王渭玲[1] 王伟东[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2012年第6期305-308,共4页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国际重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2012CB416902)

摘　　要：土壤细菌利用尿素产氨不仅可以直接影响土壤中氮源的循环利用和土壤氮素肥力,并且有助于酸化土质的改良。该文就土壤中细菌利用尿素产氨的生物学特征及分子调控机制,影响土壤尿素酶活性的土壤化学特性、环境因素、尿素来源以及微生物间相互作用进行等研究进展进行了综述分析。指出土壤中尿素酶活性是检测土壤质量和土壤肥力的重要指标之一,它与固氮作用、土壤改良和土壤中其他产氨代谢有密切关系,土壤中尿素酶的活性指标对土壤氮素肥力评价和农作物生产具有重要意义。The ammonia production by bacteria in soil not only could influence the recycle of nitrogen source in soil,but also could be used to improve the acidified soil.In this review article,the biological characteristics and molecular regulation mechanism of ammonia producing pathway by bacteria in soil,the factors influence the urease activity in soil,environmental factors,urea sources,and research progress of microbial interaction will be reviewed.It points out that urease activity in soil is one of the most important indexes to test quality and fertility of soil.The urease activity has an intimate connection with nitrogen fixation,soil reclamation and other ammonia production metabolism.In one word,the urease activity is of great significance to the soil nitrogen fertility evaluation and crop production.

关 键 词：土壤 细菌 尿素酶 产氨代谢 

分 类 号：Q935[生物学—微生物学]