油茶优树筛选与资源利用分析  

Plus-tree Selection of Camellia oleiferaand Analysis of Resource Utilization

作　　者：王艳芹[1] 徐洲[1] 王述贵[1] 考安都[1] 李倩倩[1] 丁春邦[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学生命科学与理学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2012年第4期434-438,共5页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：四川省科技厅科技支撑计划项目(2011SZ0283)

摘　　要：【目的】对名邛台地野生油茶资源进行调查研究,摸清该地油茶资源基本情况,提出发展油茶产业的建议和措施。【方法】采用野外调查与室内分析相结合的方法。【结果】调查区有大量油茶资源分布,总面积4 557.7hm2,共504 530.0株,但管理粗放,产量较低。在油茶资源调查的基础上,通过初选、复选和决选,筛选出川雅20、川雅21、川雅28、川雅31共4个优良单株,鲜果重10.90～25.83g、单位冠幅面积产果量2.0～2.80kg/m2、鲜出籽率41.60%～44.01%、干出籽率25.15%～25.93%、干出仁率67.32%～69.30%、种仁含油率42.12%～45.56%。【结论】名邛台地油茶资源分布较广,筛选优树各指标均达到国家油茶优树选择标准,表明该地区的油茶资源具有开发利用的潜力。[Objective] The resource of Camellia oleifera in Mingqiongtaidi was investigated and analyzed. Some proposals and measures for improving C. oleifera industry were putted forward. [Method] The resource of C. oleifera was investigated and analyzed by field investigation and la- boratory analysis. [Results] There were 504 530.0 individuals of C. oleifera distributed in the survey area of 4 557.7 hm2. Nevertheless, the production of C. oleifera was low due to extensive management. Based on the germplasm resource investigations of C. oleifera in this area, four high quality individuals including Chuanya 20, Chuanya 21, Chuanya 28 and Chuanya 31 were se- lected through preliminary, repeated and final selection. The weight of fresh fruit were from 10.90 g to 25.83 g; the yields of unit crown area ranged from 2.0 kg/m2 to 2.80 kg/m2 ; the fresh and dry seed-producing rates were 41.60%～44.01% and 25.15% ～25.93%, respectively; The dry seed kernel rate was 67.32%～69. 30% ; The oil extraction rate in the kernel was 42.12%～ 45.56%. [Conclusion] The resource of C. oleifera were widely distributed in Mingqiongtaidi and all indicators of C. oleifera plus-tree had reached the national criteria. Therefore, C. oleifera re- source has a considerable potential for exploitation and utilization in this area.

关 键 词：油茶 优树筛选 调查 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]