血液肿瘤患者居家护理问题及需求的质性研究  

Qualitative study on nursing problems and demands of home care for patients with hematologic malignancies

作　　者：胡荣[1] 蓝三露[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学护理学院,福州350108

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2012年第32期3864-3866,共3页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：福建省卫生厅青年科研课题（2007-1-17）

摘　　要：目的分析血液肿瘤患者居家期间的主要护理问题、照顾性的主要困难及护理需求，为临床及社区护理提供依据与方向。方法对福州市某三级甲等医院至少第2次入住血液科的20例血液肿瘤患者及19名主要照顾者进行深入访谈，将获得的资料采用Colaizzi现象学的方法进行分析、提炼。结果血液肿瘤患者居家期间的主要护理问题：缺乏疾病的一般知识及PICC管护理知识；与家属沟通障碍，存在焦虑、恐惧、自卑等心理问题。家属对患者照护的主要困难：居住条件差及经济困难，专业护理及与患者的沟通困难。患者和家属的需求：希望医院提供电话随访及上门专业护理，希望社区加强疾病宣传，希望政府提供经济资助、情感支持及改善社区医疗条件。结论血液肿瘤患者居家期间存在诸多护理问题及需求，医院、社区及政府应该重视此类患者，建立一体化的医疗服务系统，提高家庭应对能力及患者的生存质量。Objective To analyze main nursing problems and demands of home care for patients with hematologic malignancies, in order to provide basis and direction for clinical and community care. Methods 20 patients with hematologic malignancies who were at least the second living in the Department of Hematology of a general three-A level provincial hospital and 19 caretakers were interviewed, and the data was analyzed by means of Colaizzi phenomenology. Results Primary care problems for patients ： lack of general knowledge of the disease and PICC tube nursing, and psychological problems such as anxiety, fear, low self-esteem and communication barriers. The major difficulties for caretakers： poor living conditions and economic difficulties, professional care and communication difficulties with patients. Patients and caregivers hoped that hospitals could provide telephone follow-up and on-site professional care, community could enhance disease advocacy, and government could provide financial assistance, emotional support and improve community health conditions. Conclusions There are many nursing problems and needs in patients with hematological malignancies during home care. Hospitals, community and government should pay more attention to the patients and establish an integrated health care system in order to improve families＇ coping ability and patients＇ quality of life.

关 键 词：血液肿瘤 居家护理 护理需求 质性研究 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]