考虑转子系统耦合影响的球轴承动态性能多目标优化设计  

Multi-objective optimization design for dynamic performances of ball bearings considering coupling effect of a rotor system

作　　者：崔立[1] 郑建荣[1] 周炜[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200237

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2012年第24期190-196,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(50905061);中国博士后科学基金资助(2011M500554);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助

摘　　要：考虑滚动轴承与转子系统动态性能的耦合影响,使用有限单元法建立包含转轴、轴承、圆盘等单元的动力学方程组,转子响应达到稳定值后,再根据滚动轴承拟动力学模型计算滚动轴承的动态性能参数。以额定动负荷、支承刚度、旋滚比为目标,基于NSGA Ⅱ遗传算法进行多目标优化设计,分析结构参数对轴承动态性能的影响。以某转子系统的支承轴承为例进行计算,结果表明外圈沟曲率半径系数增大则额定动负荷减小、径向刚度增大、旋滚比增大;内圈沟曲率半径系数增大则额定动负荷减小、径向刚度减小、旋滚比减小;滚动体直径增大则额定动负荷增大、刚度增大、旋滚比增大,内圈沟曲率半径系数变化对动态性能优化结果影响最明显。高速转子系统中,为获取较好的支承动态性能,应考虑耦合影响对支承轴承进行多目标优化设计。Considering coupling effects of dynamic performances of rolling bearings and a rotor system, dynamic equations were constructed by using the finite element method, the rolor system contained a shaft, bearings, and discs. The dynamic performances of rolling bearings were calculated with a quasi-dynamic model after the rotor system response reached a stable state. Taking dynamic load, stiffness, and spin-to-roll ratio as objectives, a multi-objective optimization design was developed based on the genetic algorithm NSGA II, the effect of structural parameters on bearing dynamic performances was analyzed. Taking a rotor system supported with ball bearings as an example, the results showed that the dynamic load decreases, radial stiffness increases and spin-to-roll ratio increases when the outer groove curvature radius increases; the dynamic load decreases, radial stiffness decreases and spin-to-roll ratio decreases as the inner groove curvature radius increases; the dynamic load increases, radial stiffness increases and spin-to-roll ratio increases when the diameter of balls increases; the largest effect on the dynamic performance optimization results is inner groove curvature radius ; in a high-speed rotor system, in order to obtain better support dynamic performance, the coupling effect of the rotor system should be considered in multi-objective optimization design of its bearings.

关 键 词：球轴承 动态性能 NSGA Ⅱ 多目标优化设计 耦合影响 

分 类 号：TH133.33[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]