一种大迟延系统的控制方法  

A control method of large delay system

作　　者：马平[1] 李奕杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学自动化系,河北保定071000

出　　处：《兰州理工大学学报》2012年第6期66-69,共4页Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology

摘　　要：大迟延系统在工业生产过程中比较常见但又难以控制,并且大部分工业生产过程都具有非线性的特征,被控对象的传递函数随负荷的变化而变化.在利用传统串级PID对实际系统进行控制的时候,很难得到理想的控制效果,难以保证控制品质,因此针对此问题提出基于物理机理的PID控制方法.该方法的控制策略主要是基于被控对象和控制过程的物理机理,使其可以不需要经过复杂的计算和补偿环节,取消了串级控制回路,从而使系统结构更加简单有效,控制性能得到较大改善,可适应大范围负荷变化的需要.由于火电厂主汽温为典型的大惯性、大迟延、非线性系统,被控对象的传递函数随负荷的变化而改变,所以选取主汽温为被控对象进行仿真实验.实验结果证明,基于物理机理的PID控制与传统串级PID相比,可以达到更好的控制效果.In the industrial production process,the large delay system is comparatively common and get difficult to be controlled one. Most of them are nonlinear and their transfer function varies with load. U- sing traditional serial PID for control of practical system, it is difficult to get an ideal control effect and hard to ensure the control quality. In view of above-mentioned {acts, a physical mechanism-based PID con- trol method was presented. Its control strategies were mainly based the physical mechanism of the con- trolled objects and control process without complex calculation and compensation link, where the cascade control loop was canceled, so that the system structure became simpler and more effective, and its control performance got very great improvement, meeting the requirement of wide range of load variation. In power plant, the main steam temperature is a typical large-inert, long delayed, and nonlinear system. The transfer function of the controlled object varies with the load. Therefore, the main steam temperature was taken as the controlled object to carry out the simulation experiment. The experimental result showed that, compared with the traditional cascade PID control, the PID control based on physical mechanism would be able to achieve better control effect.

关 键 词：基于物理机理的PID控制 过热汽温 扰动 大迟延 

分 类 号：TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]