沙尘天气大气颗粒物中稀土元素含量的变化  

Rare Earth Element Components in Atmospheric Particulates during Sand-Dust Weather in Baotou

作　　者：王巍[1,2] 陶辉[1] Kim Dae-seon 潘小川[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学部 [2]北京市西城区疾病预防控制中心 [3]韩国国立环境科学研究院

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2012年第6期257-261,共5页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：中韩环境科技合作项目(2004-2008)

摘　　要：目的分析大气颗粒物中稀土元素的含量,研究沙尘天气发生对颗粒物中稀土元素成分的影响。方法选择包头市,2005—2006年春季中每年连续40 d采样,监测大气中PM10、PM2.5浓度,同时测定颗粒物中13种稀土元素的含量。采用SPSS 13.0中方差分析、T检验等对数据进行统计分析。结果沙尘天气发生时,包头市2005年PM2.5中La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd元素质量浓度高于非沙尘天气,差异有显著性,(P<0.05)。包头市2006年PM10中Dy、Tm、Lu元素质量浓度高于非沙尘天气,差异有显著性,(P<0.05)。包头市大气颗粒物中稀土元素含量分布与当地土壤中稀土元素含量分布完全一致,轻稀土元素含量高于重稀土元素。结论沙尘天气发生时,大气颗粒物中部分稀土元素质量浓度增加,但其含量分布与当地地壳中元素含量分布一致,说明其主要来源于附近稀土矿区地壳土壤。Objectives To analyze and evaluate the change of chemical components, such as rare earth elements, in the atmospheric particulates during sand-dust weather. Methods The daily concentration of particulate matter in aerodynamic diameter 2. 5≤μm （PM2.5） and ≤10 μm （PM10） were measured by air samplers in Baotou city during the spring of 2005 and 2006 respectively. The content of chemical components in particulates was determined by the inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometer. All data were analyzed statistically by software SPSS 13.0. Results In comparison with the non-sand-dust weather, the levels of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu and Gd in the PM25 during sand-dust weather in 2005 were higher （P 〈0. 05） , and the levels of Dy, Tm and Lu in the PM10 in 2006 during the sand-dust weather were also higher （P 〈0. 05）. Conclusions The lewd of rare-earth elements, such as La and Ce, increased in the particulates during the sand-dust weather and the content distribution of components in particulates were the same as that in the crust of the earth. It is suggested that the sources of sand-dust is from the rare-earth mining area in the vicinity.

关 键 词：稀土元素 沙尘天气 大气颗粒物 富集因子 

分 类 号：R122[医药卫生—环境卫生学]