油茶泌蜜规律及花粉活力和柱头可授性的变化  

Regulation of Nectar Secretion and Changes of Pollen Viability and Stigma Receptivity in Camellia oleifera

作　　者：李红娇 董坤 韩明跃[2] 鲁洪桥 王黎明 柴鹏 和绍禹 

机构地区：[1]云南省蜜蜂资源可持续利用工程研究中心云南农业大学食品科学技术学院云南农业大学东方蜜蜂研究所云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,昆明650201 [2]云南省林业科学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《广西林业科学》2012年第4期327-330,355,共5页Guangxi Forestry Science

基　　金：云南农业大学学生科技创新创业行动基金项目;国家现代蜂产业技术体系项目(CARS-45-kxj14)

摘　　要：通过对云南省林科院树木园中油茶(Camellia oleifera)开花泌蜜规律的观测,结果表明,油茶秋冬开花,整体花期约110天左右,单朵花期为5～7天,散粉主要集中在第1～2天,油茶花粉活力在花开后第1天最大,为(48.56±5.42)%(n=20),随后花粉活力逐渐下降,花谢时花粉几乎没有活力。柱头可授性在第2～3天最高。移取条件下油茶单花泌蜜量在开花后逐步增加,第4天达到最大值,油茶单花的总泌蜜量平均为(103.35±11.95)μL(n=30),花蜜糖浓度在第2天最高,随后逐渐下降,花蜜的平均糖浓度为31.45%(n=30);累积条件下油茶单花累积泌蜜量在开花后逐步增加,第5天累积泌蜜量和糖浓度都达到最大值,随后累积泌蜜量和花蜜糖浓度均下降。Regulations of flowering and nectar secretion in Camellia oleifera were investigated in the Tree Garden of Yunnan Academy of Forestry. The results demonstrated that C. oleifera bloomed generally from late autumn to winter and the flowering period usually lasted 110 days. The single flower only opened for 5 -7days. The primary period of dispersion pollen was 1 -2 days after flowering. The pollen viability reached the highest on the f＇wst day after flowering （48. 56 ±5.42） % （n =20） and thereafter decreased gradually, especially hardly when the flower withered. On the second or third day, the stigma receptivity reached the highest. The nectar volume of single flower increased gradually and reached the highest on the fourth day under transferred condition, the total of which averaged to （ 103.35 ± 11.95 ）μL （ n = 30）. The sugar concentration reached the highest on the second day and decreased gradually afterward,the total of which averaged to 31.45% （n =30）. The nectar volume of single flower increased gradually after flowering under accumulative condition. The nectar volume and sugar concentration reached the highest on the fifth day and decreased afterward.

关 键 词：油茶 泌蜜量 糖浓度 花粉活性 柱头可授性 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]