COPD患者院内护理干预有效性的随访评价  

Follow-up evaluation of effectiveness of hospital nursing intervention for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

作　　者：冯丽芳[1] 菅丽[1] 修杰[1] 王丹[1] 颜艳[1] 来纯云[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院南楼呼吸科,北京100853

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2012年第35期149-151,共3页China Medical Herald

基　　金：解放军总医院科技创新苗圃基金项目(项目编号:11KMZ05)

摘　　要：目的评估慢性阻塞型肺疾病患者院内护理干预的有效性。方法选择2010-2011年在我院老年呼吸科住院的COPD患者143例,采用随机对照实验设计,将患者分为实验组56例,对照组87例。随访变量包括:再入院率、患者满意率、生活质量和COPD认知水平。实验组派遣专门护士每隔24 h对患者进行护理交代,内容包括疾病信息、治疗解释以及确认存在问题和需求,并及时与医生进行交流。出院后的第12和24周进行电话随访,电话随访内容包括:是否再次住院、生活质量评分、治疗方案的认知度以及满意度。结果出院后12和24周,实验组在生活质量评分(12周P=0.008,24周P=0.028)和治疗方案认知度方面(12周与24周均为P<0.001)较对照组显著改善;在满意度方面,实验组明显优于对照组(P<0.001);而在住院率方面,两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。通过多因素回归分析显示,院内护理干预并不能降低再住院率。结论针对COPD患者的院外护理随访模式对改善患者生活质量和对治疗的认知水平是有效的。Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of hospital nursing intervention for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）.Methods A total of 143 patients with COPD in our hospital from 2010 to 2011 were selected.Randomized controlled experimental design was adopted,and all patients were divided into the experimental group（n = 56） and the control group（n = 87）.Readmission rate,patient satisfaction,quality of life and knowledge level of COPD were included in the follow-up variables.In hospital,a coordinating nurse visited each patient in the experimental group every 24 hours for providing information about the disease,explaining treatment,identifying care problems and needs and facilitating communication between patients and doctors.Telephone follow-up was adopted at 12 and 24 weeks after discharge,and telephone follow-up contents including whether hospital readmission,quality of life,awareness of treatment and satisfaction degree.Results At 12 and 24 weeks after discharge,the results showed significant improvements in quality of life（12 weeks P = 0.008,24 weeks P = 0.028） and awareness of treatment（12 and 24 weeks P 0.001） in the experimental group than those of the control group;in the aspect of satisfaction,patients in the experimental group was better than that of the control group（P 0.001）;while there was no difference in admission rate between the two groups（P 0.05）.Multivariate analysis showed that hospital nursing intervention could not reduce the readmission rate.Conclusion Nursing follow-up mode is effective in improvement of life quality and treatment cognitive level for patients with COPD.

关 键 词：慢性阻塞型肺疾病 护理干预 随访 有效性 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]