模拟微重力或微重力时血容量减少对立位耐力影响的研究进展  

The Progress in Research on the Mechanisms of the Effects of Blood Volume Reduction on Orthostatic Tolerance After Microgravity or Simulated Microgravity.

作　　者：汪德生[1] 任维[2] 向求鲁[2] 孙磊[2] 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Space Medico Engineering [2]航天医学工程研究所,100094

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2000年第2期152-156,共5页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

摘　　要：航天后立位耐力降低普遍存在 ,其机理仍不清楚。一般认为血容量减少是航天后立位耐力降低的一个重要因素。现有对抗航天后立位耐力降低的措施均与血容量有关。微重力 ( μG)和模拟 μG时研究表明 :μG与现有模拟 μG模型时人体生理学变化的主要差异表现在低压区循环和体液、电解质代谢。细胞外体液主要受心肺反射调节。因此 ,采用适当的模拟 μG模型研究低压区循环、心肺反射变化的时间过程 ,对认识立位耐力降低机理和制定更有效的对抗立位耐力降低的措施具有重要意义。Orthostatic intolerance commonly occurs after spaceflight, but its mechanisms remain to be clarified. It is believed that the reduction of blood volume might be one of the important factors. So the current countermeasures against orthostatic intolerance are aimed to control the changes of blood volume. The main differences between physiological effects of microgravity and simulated microgravity on humans appear in the circulation of the low pressure side and in humoral and electrolyte metabolism. Reflexes elicited from the low pressure side are very important for regulation of the extracellular fluids. The authors postulated that for a further understanding of mechanisms of orthostatic intolerance after spaceflight and to establish appropriate countermeasures against orthostatic intolerance, it is important to study the course of changes of the circulation in the low pressure side and the reflexes thus elicited with more appropriate method of simulation.

关 键 词：微重力 立位耐力 血容量 心肺反射 航天 

分 类 号：R852.22[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]