胎儿游离核酸与子痫前期的研究进展  

Research on Cell Free Fetal Nucleic Acid in Preeclampsia

作　　者：沈彦婷[1] 于红[2] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学医学院,南京210009 [2]东南大学附属中大医院妇产科

出　　处：《国际妇产科学杂志》2012年第6期553-556,共4页Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology

基　　金：南京市科技发展计划项目(201001095)

摘　　要：子痫前期(preeclampsia,PE)是全球范围内致母婴或新生儿死亡与致残的主要原因之一。目前尚无早期的诊断标准。一经检出,母婴已受到不同程度的损伤。因此,在PE临床症状出现前做出早期诊断对降低孕产妇与围生儿病死率、提高母婴健康具有重要意义。现有的常规产前诊断技术虽然可靠但可能危及母婴安全,因此寻找一种特异、无创、快速的诊断方法具有重要的临床意义。循环的胎儿细胞游离核酸,包括胎儿游离DNA、胎儿游离RNA以及微RNA(miRNA),作为一种特异性的无创性生物学标记物,其不仅可以有效地对PE进行预测,而且为无创性产前诊断开辟了新的方法,具有良好的发展前景。近年来,学者们在游离核酸与PE早期预测的相关性方面做了大量的研究。综述胎儿游离DNA、mRNA以及miRNA的发现、组织来源及其在PE中的早期预测作用。Preeclampsia （PE） is one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal/neonatal mortality and deformity around the world. At present, there are no exact early diagnostic standard of it. Once preeclampsia is diagnosed, it has caused damage to the health of mothers and infants in different degrees. For this reason, making early diagnosis before preeclampsia clinical symptoms appearance is very necessary. The existing regular prenatal diagnosis is rehable ,but it would endanger the health of mothers and infants. So, exploring a specific noninvasive fast diagnosis technology is very important and has clinical significance. Circulating cell free fetal nucleic acid, including cell free fetal DNA （cffDNA） ,cell free fetal mRNA （cffmRNA）, and microRNA, as a novel and non-invasive biomarker,which not only can effectively predict the incidence of preeclampsia but also create new path for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis, has good prospect of development. In the recent years, many researches on the relationship between the cell free fetal nucleic acid and the preeclampsia screening have been conducted. This review will summarize the related content about the discovery, tissue origin, and detection methods of cell free fetal DNA, cell free fetal mRNA, and microRNA, and their roles in preeclampsia screening.

关 键 词：先兆子痫 预测 RNA 信使 微RNAS DNA 

分 类 号：R714.2[医药卫生—妇产科学]