某部新兵心理健康状况及其影响因素的相关分析  

The Correlation Analysis of Mental Health and Influencing Factors of New Recruits

作　　者：元静[1] 叶天利[2] 杨帆[1] 李培凯[1] 马立军[2] 杨建中[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学第四附属医院,云南昆明650032 [2]武警云南省消防总队门诊部,云南昆明650021

出　　处：《昆明医科大学学报》2012年第11期56-61,共6页Journal of Kunming Medical University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2009BAI77B05)

摘　　要：目的了解某部新兵心理健康状况,为新兵集训期间以及日后开展的心理健康教育、管理和有针对性的心理疏导提供依据.方法采用90项症状自评量表(SCL-90)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、艾森克成人人格问卷(EPQA)4份问卷,以问卷自评的方式对700名入伍新兵进行调查,比较不同文化程度、不同地区来源、家庭居住地及是否为独身子女的新兵心理健康水平情况.结果 (1)SCL-90的10项因子与全国常模比较,除抑郁、敌对和偏执外,其余的因子与全国常模之间的差异皆存在统计学意义(P<0.01).其中躯体化显著高于全国常模,其次是焦虑、强迫因子;新兵的SAS和SDS的标准分与全国常模的比较,都显著高于全国常模(P<0.01);新兵艾森克人格测试结果中的内外向(E)、神经质(N)与掩饰程度(L)与全国常模的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).且内外向(E)的均值显著高于全国常模,神经质(N)、掩饰程度(L)略低于常模;(2)心理年龄未成熟期(17～19岁)的士兵的人际关系敏感因子和精神病性因子的均分高于成熟期的士兵(P<0.05);城镇新兵的神经质(N)的均分高于农村兵,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同兵源地、是否是独生子女、非独生子女家中排行在4个量表中各维度的得分差异无统计学意义;在SDS的得分上,初中文化士兵>高中或中专文化士兵>本科或大专士兵;在精神质(P)、掩饰程度(L)的得分上,初中文化士兵>高中或中专文化及本科或大专士兵;在内外向(E)的得分上,初中文化士兵<高中或中专文化及本科或大专士兵,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)采用多重线性回归与相关分析发现:个性特点与SCL-90总均分、躯体化因子分、强迫因子分、SAS及SDS得分均有关.结论为了提高官兵的心理健康水平,增强部队的战斗力,应该对官兵进行适当的心理健康教育,了解其个性特点以及心理健康状态,定期对官兵进行心�Objective To explore the mental health status of new recruits from a troop to provide the scientific evidences for the mental health education,the management and target-oriented psychological counseling in recruit training period as well as developing in the future.Methods SCL-90,EPQA,SAS,SDS were used to investigate 700 new recruits with self-reported questionnaire,then we compared their mental health level between different culture,different regions,the family inhabited area and whether for single children.Results 1 Except depression,hostility and crankiness,among the SCL-90 10 factors,there were differences between other factors and the national norm（P0.01）.The somzatization was obviously higher than the national norm,and the next was anxiety and the force factor.The standard scores of SAS and SDS from these recruits were prominently higher than the national norm（P0.01）.The significant differences were found in the scores of E,N and L of EPQA between the new recruits and normal controls（P0.05）.2 For interpersonal relationship sensitiveness factor and psychotic factor,the scores of the immature mental age stage（17-19 year-old）were higher than the mature period soldiers＇（P0.05）.The N score of the countryside original soldiers was higher than the city＇s（P0.05）.There were no statistical significant differences among any factor of the four questionnaires in term of original places,single child or the birth order.In the scores of SDS,P and L,educational level was one of important factors.3 Multiple linear regression and correlation analysis found that personality characteristics had relationship with the average of SCL-90,the scores of somatization factor,force factor,SAS and SDS.Conclusion In order to improve the psychological health level,the suitable psychological health education should be given regularly to army.

关 键 词：入伍新兵 心理健康 躯体化 焦虑 抑郁自评量表 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]