住院患者感染病原菌分布特点及耐药性变迁的研究  

STUDY ON THE DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTIC AND RESISTANCE TRANSITION OF INFECTIOUS PATHOGENS OF INPATIENTS

作　　者：杜龙敏[1] 马涛[1] 侯艺蕾[1] 张芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]银川市第一人民医院,银川750001

出　　处：《中国消毒学杂志》2012年第12期1085-1087,共3页Chinese Journal of Disinfection

摘　　要：目的研究医院住院患者感染病原菌的分布特点及其耐药性的变迁,指导临床合理使用抗菌药物。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对本医院2011年度临床分离的病原菌分布特点及其耐药性进行了调查与分析。结果2011年度该医院临床标本共分离出病原菌1 010株,其中革兰阴性菌占72.2%,革兰阳性菌占27.8%。肠杆菌科和铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南较敏感,鲍曼不动杆菌中多重耐药株占36.6%。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)、耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)和耐万古霉素肠球菌属(VRE)检出率分别为42.0%、56.9%和50.0%。大肠埃希菌和克雷伯菌中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)菌株分别占革兰阴性菌的53.2%和31.2%。结论医院临床病原菌分布广泛,耐药性趋势变化日趋严重,革兰阴性菌中ESBLs菌株和革兰阳性菌中MRSA菌株都不断增加。Objective To study the distribution and resistance of infectious pathogen of hospitalized patients so as to guide the use of antimicrobial agents in the clinic rationally.Methods The retrospective survey was used to analyze the distribution and the resistance of the pathogen separated in this hospital during year 2011.Results 1 010 strains pathogenic bacteria were clinically isolated in this hospital during year 2011 and the Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 27.8% while the Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 72.2%.Enterbacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were more sensitive to Imipenem.The multiple-resistant strains in the Acinetobacter baumannii accounted for 36.6%.The detection rate of MRSA、MRCNS and VRE were 42.0%、56.9% and 50.0% respectively.The ESBLs bacterial strains in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella accounted for 53.2%,31.2% respectively among Gram-negative bacteria.Conclusion The hospital clinical pathogens are widespread and the change of drug-resistance trends becomes more and more serious.The ESBLs strains in the Gram-negative bacteria strains and MRSA strains in the Gram-positive bacteria strains are both increasing.

关 键 词：病原菌 耐药性 抗菌药物 药敏试验 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]