不同体质指数少年运动负荷试验中气体代谢特点分析  

Characteristics of ventilatory response during exercise test in pubertal boys and girls with different BMI

作　　者：李红娟[1] 李新[1] 王艳[1] 高宇[1] 张雪婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2012年第12期885-888,共4页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：科技部国家科技支撑计划课题(2009BAK62B04)

摘　　要：目的探讨不同体质指数(BMI)少年在递增负荷运动试验中气体代谢特点及性别差异。方法选取不同BMI水平的13～14岁初中学生75名(男40名,女35名)进行递增负荷运动试验,分析极量负荷和无氧阈负荷下,各BMI组少年气体代谢的特点。数据采用SPSS 16.0进行Shapiro-Wilk正态分布检验,单因素方差分析等,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果校正体重后,与正常BMI少年相比,极量运动时,肥胖组男生摄氧量{[(23.36±5.28)vs(35.856±6.92)][ml/(min.kg)],F=15.571,P<0.01}和每分种通气量{[(519±144)vs(807±225)][ml/(min.kg)],F=8.440,P<0.01}均显著下降,女生摄氧量{[(26.50±4.37)vs(30.21±3.19)][ml/(min.kg)],F=7.169,P<0.05}和每分种通气量{[(646±136)vs(787±141)][ml/(min.kg)],F=6.649,P<0.05}均显著下降,肥胖组男生潮气量显著降低{[(14.83±3.61)vs(21.83±4.53)]ml/kg,F=11.122,P<0.01};无氧阈时刻,肥胖组男生相对摄氧量{[(12.24±2.56)vs(17.92±4.07)][ml/(min.kg),F=9.557,P<0.01}和CO2呼出量{[(9.64±2.62)vs(13.81±3.40)]ml/kg,F=6.358,P<0.01}均显著下降,女生各组间差异无统计学意义;不同BMI组通气效率男女生差异均无统计学意义。结论在青春发育期,超重与肥胖影响了青少年的最大有氧能力和肺通气功能。超重和肥胖少年无氧阈时刻摄氧量百分比仍处于正常范围,通气效率未受影响,表明超重与肥胖少年在无氧阈时刻肺通气功能的代偿调节仍然可以满足其代谢需求。Objective To understand the characteristics of ventilatory response during graded exercise test in boys and girls with different BMI.Methods 75 healthy adolescents（40 boys and 45 girls）aged 13-14 years were recruited to undergo the progressive maximal exercise test with ergometer,the ventilatiory response of boys and girls of different body mass index（BMI）groups at the maximal load and anaerobic threshold（AT）load were analyzed.The statistical analysis consisted of one-way analysis of variance（ANOVA）or non-parametric tests,depending on the distribution of each variable,considering P0.05 to be statistically significant.Results Adjusted by weight,comparing to normal BMI group,both boys and girls in the obese group had a lower peak oxygen uptake（VO2peak）and lower volume of ventilation（VE）（P0.01,P0.05）,and the tidal volume（VT）of obese boys was also significantly low（P0.01）.The relative oxygen uptake（VO2）and carbon dioxide output（VCO2）for obese boys were both greatly lower at AT point（P0.01）.Ventilation equivalent for carbon dioxide production（VE/VCO2）at AT point had no significant difference in different BMI groups.Conclusions Cardiorespiratory exercise function in obese adolescents decreases,especially for boys.At the anaerobic threshold moment,the percentage of oxygen uptake of different groups is still in the normal range,and the ventilation efficiency is similar,which demonstrates that obese adolescents can still meet their metabolic demands through compensatory regulation.

关 键 词：青春期 肥胖 气体代谢 递增负荷试验 无氧阈 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学]