大棚番茄连续定位套蒜第3年度土壤微生物数量和酶活性的变化  

Variation of soil microorganism quantities and enzyme activities at the third year cultivation of continuous positional intercropping of tomato with garlic under plastic tunnel

作　　者：孙彩菊[1] 程智慧[1] 孟焕文[1] 李晓敏[1] 赵慧玲[1] 刘同金[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第12期97-105,共9页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31171949);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903018-7)

摘　　要：【目的】明确大棚番茄连续定位套蒜第3年度土壤微生物数量和酶活性的变化及其相关性。【方法】试验设单作番茄、套作大蒜、套作青蒜3个处理,定期采集土样并分析微生物数量和酶活性的变化。【结果】套蒜可增加土壤的微生物数量,3个处理土壤微生物数量由多到少的顺序为套作青蒜>套作大蒜>单作番茄;与单作番茄相比,连续3年套蒜能显著提高土壤过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶4种酶的活性,过氧化氢酶活性表现为套作大蒜>套作青蒜>单作番茄,蔗糖酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性表现为套作青蒜>套作大蒜>单作番茄。套作大蒜和青蒜的土壤微生物数量与酶活性的相关性以及不同土壤酶之间的相关性较单作番茄土壤更显著。【结论】大棚番茄套蒜是丰富土壤微生物多样性和酶活性的有效措施,连续3年定位套蒜可以改善大棚番茄连作带来的土壤微生物数量少、土壤酶活性低的问题。Objective The investigation was carried out to explore the variation and correlation of soil microorganism quantities and enzyme activities at the third year of positional intercropping garlic with to- mato in plastic tunnel cultivation. KMethodl Three treatments of monoculture tomato,tomato intercropped with normal garlic,and tomato intercropped with garlic green were set and the soil was sampled to analyze microorganism quantities and enzyme activities periodically. ~Resultl The soil microorganism quantities of the treatment intercropped with normal garlic or garlic green were improved with the following order：in- tercropping with garlic green〉intercropping with normal garlic^monoculture. It is noticeable that the soil enzyme activities were enhanced for the treatment intercropping with garlic. The catalase activities ranked as follows：intercropping with normal garlic〉intercropping with garlic green〉monoculture,while the se- quence of the invertase,urease and alkaline phosphatase activities was：intereropping with garlic green〉in-tercropping with normal garlic〉monoculture. The correlations between soil microorganism quantities and soil enzyme activities were more significant that that of activities between different soil enzymes in tomato/ garlic intercropping system. [Conclusion] Intercropping of garlic is an effective measure to increase the quantities of microorganism and activities of enzymes in soil. Continuous positional intercropping of garlic with tomato for three years can increase soil microorganism shortage and improve soil enzyme activities.

关 键 词：大棚番茄 大蒜 套作 土壤酶 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]