缺氧对于间充质干细胞分化的影响  

Effects of Hypoxia on the Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

作　　者：江琛[1] 向娟娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学肿瘤研究所,中国湖南长沙410078

出　　处：《生命科学研究》2012年第6期531-538,544,共9页Life Science Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81272255;30971497);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(10JJ7003);中南大学研究生学位论文创新基金资助项目(2011ssxt259)

摘　　要：间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cell,MSC),是来源于中胚层的具有自我更新能力和多向分化潜能干细胞,在体内外可以分化成骨、软骨、脂肪、肌腱和肌细胞等.由于其强大的分化潜能,MSC在组织工程与再生医学方面具有广泛的应用前景.MSC存在于高度受调控的被称为"壁龛"的微环境中.干细胞壁龛处于一个缺氧的环境中,氧分压可以低至7.2 mmHg.同时MSC是肿瘤微环境的重要的细胞组成成分,肿瘤微环境也是存在于一个缺氧的环境中.了解MSC在缺氧状态下的分化能力,对于组织工程、再生医学和肿瘤的发生发展研究具有重要的意义.缺氧相关的信号转导参与MSC定向分化能力的过程.目前MSC在缺氧状态下的成脂和成骨分化的研究存在着差异,这些研究结果的差异可能是由于MSC的异质性以及实验操作不同所引起.Mesenchymal stem cells（MSCs） are multipotent stem cells derived from mesoderm,which are able to self-renew and differentiate into osteocyte,chondrocyte,adipocyte,myocyte and tendon in vitro and in vivo.Because of their potential to differentiate into other types of cells,MSCs are expected to be widely applied in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.MSCs reside in specialized regulatory microenvironment named ＂niche＂.MSC niche is in hypoxic condition where the oxygen pressure is as low as 7.2 mmHg.Meanwhile,MSCs are the major cellular component of tumor microenvironment.Hypoxia within the tumor microenvironment is now widely recognized as a major factor that influences the progression of cancer.Un-derstanding the behavior of MSCs under hypoxic conditions will not only help elucidate the molecular mech-anisms of cancer progression,but also advance MSCs toward tissue engineering,regenerative medicine.Hy-poxia associated signaling pathways are involved in the process of the oriented differentiation of MSCs.It is surprising to find the conflicting literatures on roles of hypoxia on the osteogenic and adipogenic differentia-tion of MSCs,these conflicting results may be attributable to the heterogeneity of MSCs and different experi-mental procedures between labs.

关 键 词：缺氧 间充质干细胞 分化 

分 类 号：Q28[生物学—细胞生物学]