克瑞森无核葡萄简化栽培配套技术集成与应用研究  

Integration and Application of Crimson Seedless Grapes Simplified Cultivation Technique

作　　者：郭绍杰[1] 李铭[1] 陈新德 杨卫忠 兰小军 李鹏程[1] 苏学德[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院林园研究所,新疆石河子832000 [2]新疆兵团农八师农林牧局,新疆石河子832000 [3]新疆石河子市新科农林有限责任公司,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2013年第1期59-60,62,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团科技攻关项目(2009GG23);新疆兵团重大产学研专项(2010ZX02);新疆兵团农八师科技项目(2010NY10)

摘　　要：[目的]提高葡萄园管理的机械化水平,简化操作措施。[方法]全面采用果园机械化生产技术;在树型培养方面,选择便于埋土越冬的紧凑龙干型,新梢在主蔓两侧羽状水平绑缚呈水平叶幕,新梢负载量4.50万个/hm2左右;简化树型培养和枝梢管理措施,前期对新梢和副梢长放,后期疏除造成树冠郁闭的副梢;改变传统的清耕制,实行果园生草、覆草等措施。[结果]采用该技术,克瑞森无核葡萄定植第2年产量达0.75万kg/hm2,3年以后1.80万kg/hm2以上,实现了节水36%、节肥41%。[结论]应用该模式能够优化生产管理方式,降低工人劳动强度,提高劳动生产率,提升葡萄产业化水平,改善克瑞森无核葡萄品质。[ Objective] The aim was to simplify the operational measures and raise the level of mechanization in grape orchard management. [ Method ] Full adoption of orchard mechanization technology; aspects of culture in the tree, choose a compact easy to buried winter trunk type, the shoot was the level of leaves in the bondage of the main vine on both sides of the pinnate horizontal screen, and shoots load 4.50 × 104 ind/hm2 about; simplified tree cultivation and shoot management practices, long put of the pre-shoots and axillary shoot, axillary shoot thinning of the late crown density ; change the traditional clean tillage system, the implementation of the orchard grass, straw mulching, and other measures. [ Result] With this technique, the second annual output of Crimson seedless grape planting is 0.75 × 104 kg/m2, the third years is 1.80 ×104 kg/hm2 or more, which achieved water saving 36%, fertilizer saving 41%. [ Conclusion] Applying the model can optimize the production and management methods, reduce labor intensity, improve labor productivity, and enhance the level of the grape industry, per- fect the quality of Crimson seedless grape.

关 键 词：克瑞森无核葡萄 简化栽培 配套技术 集成与应用 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]