滨海核电厂事故状况下近岸海水中放射性后果评价方法  

Assessment of Radiological Consequence of Coastal Seawater after Coastal Nuclear Power Plant Accident

作　　者：王韶伟[1] 乔清党[1] 李雯婷[1] 岳会国[1] 王瑞英[1] 侯杰[1] 王红瑞[2] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082 [2]北京师范大学水科学研究院,水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2012年第6期176-180,共5页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：环境保护公益性行业科研专项项目(201309057);水利部《节水型社会建设项目》((2012)财第(30-8)号)

摘　　要：通过回顾国内外放射性核素在水体中迁移扩散及在水生生态系统中的迁移转化规律、水生生物辐射剂量计算评估、事故状况下液态排放物对海洋生物的辐射影响等研究的发展历程,从排放源项、海洋环境特征、生物剂量评估等方面讨论和分析了影响近岸海水中放射性后果的因素。而且,分别以局地海域流场预报与核素扩散模拟、辐射后果评价两方面工作为例,阐述了构建事故状况下近岸海水中放射性后果评价方法时需考虑的事项和基本要求。考虑到我国目前在运和在建核电均为滨海厂址的特点,随着人们认知水平的不断提高,需要发展和加强滨海核电厂事故状况下近岸海水中放射性后果评价技术。The progresses on the study of relocation diffusion of radionuclide in water and movement and transformation of radio-nuclide in aquatic ecosystem, calculation and assessment of radiation dose of aquatic organism, and radiation effects of liquid e-missions from coastal nuclear power plant accident on marine organisms are reviewed in this paper. The factors influencing the radioactive level of coastal seawater are discussed and analyzed from the aspects of discharge source items, characteristics of coastal environment, simulation of migration and diffusion of radionuclide, and assessment of biological dose. The factors taken into account and basic requirements for the assessment of radiological consequence of coastal seawater after coastal nuclear pow- er plant accident are presented based on the work on the prediction of local sea flow field, simulation of radionuclide diffusion, and assessment of radiological consequence. Considering that all the nuclear power stations in operation and under construction are all located in coastal area in China, the techniques for assessment of radiological consequence of coastal seawater after coastal nuclear power plant accident should be enhanced and developed with the continuous improvement of the cognitive level.

关 键 词：滨海核电厂 海水中放射性 后果评价 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]