北京地铁16号线对周边环境影响分析  

Influence of Beijing Subway Line 16 on the surrounding environment

作　　者：薛雷[1,2] 朱国祥[1] 尉鹏翔[3] 吴炳涛 庞炜[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京城建勘测设计研究院有限责任公司,北京100101 [2]中国科学院工程地质力学重点实验室,中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [3]太原市水文水资源勘测分局,太原030002

出　　处：《工程勘察》2013年第1期37-42,共6页Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying

基　　金：中国科学院工程地质力学重点实验室开放基金(No.KLEG201106)

摘　　要：本文以北京地铁16号线建设为例,初步分析了地铁建设及运营期间对周边环境可能产生的几种影响,如降水引起的地面沉降、地铁施工导致的水质环境恶化、地下水流场和水位变化以及地铁对沿线水源三厂、四厂保护区的影响等方面,并针对每种情况采用定性与定量相结合的手段展开分析,以期合理地评判出地铁建设及运营对周边环境的影响。研究表明:16号线沿线以卵石层为主,基坑降水所导致的地面沉降相对较小;地铁建设过程中必然会对地下水水质产生一定影响,因此必须规范施工,将对地下水水质的影响降低到最小;地铁施工期间,基坑降水影响范围内存在部分开采水源井,考虑到沿线含水层以卵石为主,渗透性好,降水停止后水位恢复较快,因此认为地铁施工会对水源保护区产生暂时性影响;地铁运营后,相当于在原有地下水环境中设置了隔水帷幕,这种对地下水的"拦截"作用必将导致迎水面地下水位抬升和背水面地下水位的下降,但是不论升降,变化幅度都不是很大,且离地铁越远,地下水状态受影响越小。Taking the construction of Beijing Subway Line 16 as the example,in order to judge the impact of the subway construction and operation on the surrounding environment,such as the ground settlement caused by foundation pit dewatering,the water pollution,the changes of groundwater flow field and water level as well as the influence of the subway on the water source protection areas,it is analyzed by using the qualitative and quantitative means.The study shows that the main strata along the Line 16 are the gravel,so the surface subsidence is relatively small due to the foundation pit dewatering.The subway construction process will inevitably have an impact on the groundwater quality,therefore it is necessary to regulate the construction in order to minimize the impact on groundwater quality;During the subway construction,some water extraction wells are scattered within the affected areas of the foundation pit dewatering,considering the permeability of the gravel aquifer is larger,the water level will be restored soon when the precipitation stops,so there is the temporary impact on the water source protection zones during the subway construction.After the subway is built,it is equivalent that the impermeable curtain is set in the groundwater environment,which will make the groundwater level rise on the upstream face of the subway,and fall on the downstream face.However,whether up or down,the changes in the magnitude is not great.Moreover,the farther it＇ s away from the subway,the smaller the influence on the groundwater is.

关 键 词：北京地铁16号线 地面沉降 水质污染 MODFLOW 水源保护区 

分 类 号：X820.6[环境科学与工程—环境工程]