枣属砧木选育扦插生根试验  

Breeding and Cutting Rooting of Ziziphus Rootstocks

作　　者：王斌[1] 郭裕新[1] 单公华[1] 周广芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省果树研究所,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2012年第12期57-59,共3页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"干果类主要果树新品种选育研究"(2008BAD92B03-12)

摘　　要：选择部分酸枣实生树、枣实生树和枣品种树进行扦插试验,为配置适宜的砧穗组合、选育一批适应枣树主栽品种的优良砧木提供依据。结果表明,33个枣属砧木类型中有30个具有扦插生根能力,占砧木总数的90.9%。酸枣实生树平均生根率43.42%,枣实生树平均生根率62.59%,枣品种平均生根率37.02%。选定13个生根率达到50%以上的砧木类型,作为重点选育对象。生根率与树龄密切相关,3～4年生树生根率显著高于6～7年生树,极显著高于15～17年生树。枝龄也是影响生根的重要因素,在扦插的15个枣品种中,有86.66%的品种当年生枝生根,有73.33%的品种多年生枝不生根,当年生枝平均生根率为25.07%,多年生枝平均生根率为7.35%。Some wild jujube trees, jujube trees and cuhivars were selected for cutting rooting tests to prepare optimal combinations of rootstock and scion and screen good rootstocks for main cultivars. The results showed that 30 of 33 jujube rootstocks developed new roots, accounting for 90.9% of the total selected rootstocks. The rooting rate of wild jujube, jujube trees and jujube cultivars averaged 43.42% , 62.59% and 37.02%, respectively. The rooting rate was closely correlated with the age of tree, for example, the rooting rate of the 3 ~ 4 - year - old trees was significantly higher than that of the 6 ~ 7 - year - old trees and extremely significantly higher than that of the 15 ~ 17 - year - old trees. Branch age was also an important factor influencing rooting rate. For 1 - year - old branches, 86.66% of the 15 cuhivars developed roots and the rooting rate averaged 25.07%. Howewer, for perennial branches, 73.33% of the total cultivars did not develop roots and the rooting rate averaged only 7.35%.

关 键 词：枣属砧木 扦插生根 生根率 

分 类 号：S665.104.3[农业科学—果树学]