单圆柱桥墩绕流流场试验研究  

Single-cylindrical pier experimental study on vertex flow field

作　　者：严建科[1,2] 焦臣[2] 龙涛[2] 杨久诚[2] 沈波[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学,陕西西安710064 [2]中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710075

出　　处：《西安建筑科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第6期779-785,共7页Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司科技项目(KJYF2005-A04)

摘　　要：通过单圆柱桥墩绕流现象观测,结合观测水流流态、测定水位、流速等,研究单圆柱墩周围三维水流变化规律,以及单圆柱桥墩的水力学特性.结果表明:随着来流的增大,圆柱周围各点流速明显增大,圆柱后水流扰动更加剧烈,横向绕流更加明显,但绕流宽度逐渐减小;在恒定的来流流速下,水流在墩前壅水处流速减小,桥墩两侧流速急剧变大,墩后流速减小,流向不规则,并伴有漩涡出现.距离桥墩越远,水流流态越平顺;一定的来流流速下,自圆柱处开始,横向水流流速先增大而后减小,垂向流速也是先增大后减小的趋势;无论平面还是垂向,河道流速越大,绕流流程相对越长.By observation of vertex phenomenon around single-cylinder pier,combined with the observation of flow pattern,the determination of water level,flow velocity,etc.,the paper studies the three-dimensional flow pattern around single cylindrical piers and hydrodynamic characteristics of single cylindrical pier.The results show： With the flow increases,the flow velocity around the cylinder significantly increases,vertex flow behind the cylinder is more intense,transverse vertex flow shows more obvious,but the width of the vertex flow around gradually decreases.Under the same flow velocity,the flow velocity decreases in front of the cylinder,and dramatically increases on both sides of the cylinder,and decreases behind the cylinder,as flow＇s direction is irregular,accompanied by a whirlpool appearance.The farther the distance from the pier,the more smooth the flow pattern.Since the flow meets the cylinder under a certain flow velocity,the horizontal flow velocity firstly increases and then decreases.The trend of vertical velocity is the same as the horizontal flow velocity.The longer the process of the vertex flow,the faster the velocity of the flow is.

关 键 词：单圆柱 桥墩 绕流 水力学特性 

分 类 号：U442.39[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]