不同性别中青年冠心病患者危险因素及冠脉病变的特点  

Comparison of major risk factors and coronary artery lesion between female and male patients with premature coronary artery disease

作　　者：黄裕立[1] 胡允兆[1] 吴焱贤[1] 杨友[1] 黎文生[1] 陈盈文[1] 陈玉映[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学附属顺德第一人民医院心内科,广东佛山528300

出　　处：《广东医学》2012年第23期3556-3559,共4页Guangdong Medical Journal

基　　金：广东省社会发展领域科技计划项目(编号:93102);广东省医学科研基金资助项目(编号:B2011310;B2012663);广东省佛山市科技发展专项资金项目(编号:2009025;2011AA100473);广东省佛山市医学类攻关项目(编号:201208210)

摘　　要：目的探讨不同性别中青年冠心病患者的危险因素及冠脉病变特点的差异。方法入选238例经冠脉造影诊断为中青年(≤55岁)冠心病患者,其中男性患者170例(71.4%),女性患者68例(28.6%),分析不同性别的中青年冠心病患者的危险因素。结果在中青年冠心病患者中,男性患者最常见的危险因素为吸烟(62.4%),远高于女性患者中吸烟的比例(2.9%,P<0.001)。而女性患者中高血压、糖尿病的发生率均高于男性(P<0.05)。高脂血症、冠心病家族史在不同性别中青年冠心病患者中无明显差异。在冠脉造影特点上,两组患者均多为单支血管病变,且前降支病变最为常见,但两组患者差异无统计学意义。结论不同性别中青年冠心病患者危险因素存在一定差别,在冠心病的一级、二级预防工作中,除了考虑到总体危险因素的控制,更重要的是在不同性别的人群采取不同的防治措施。Objective To investigate the differences of major risk factors and coronary artery lesion between female and male coronary artery disease （CAD） patients in young and middle aged （≤55years）. Methods A total of 238 consecutive young and middle aged CAD patients who underwent coronary angiography at our hospital （ 170 men and 68 women） were included. The suspected coronary risk factors, including family history of CAD, hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cigarette smoking, were recorded. Clinical presentation and angiographic findings were also recorded. Results The most common risk factor was cigarette smoking in male young and middle aged CAD patients （62.4%）, which was significantly higher than that in females （2. 9%, P 〈 0. 001 ）. However, the major coronary risk factors in females were hypertension and diabetes mellitus, both significantly higher than those in males （ P 〈 0.05 ）. There was no significant difference in hypercholesterolaemia or family history of CAD between the two groups. For coronary artery lesion, the left anterior descending artery was the most vulnerable one in the both groups. Conclusion The coronary risk factor profile is different between female and male young and middle age CAD patients, suggesting gender - based management and risk factor modification for premature CAD.

关 键 词：中青年 冠心病 危险因素 性别 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌]