苏丹石油:从内政焦点到外交难题  

Oil in Sudan:From the Interior Focus to the Diplomatic Trouble

作　　者：姜恒昆[1,2] 付海娜[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学 [2]浙江师范大学非洲研究院 [3]喀土穆大学

出　　处：《西亚非洲》2012年第6期78-93,共16页West Asia and Africa

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目基金(08JC10018);国家社科基金项目(09BGJ010);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(09JZD0039)资助

摘　　要：石油因其巨大的经济和战略价值而成为诸多国内国际矛盾和冲突产生或激化的主要原因,苏丹的石油也不例外。自20世纪70年代末在苏丹南方发现石油以来,石油问题一直是苏丹南北关系和南北苏丹关系的焦点。石油曾在80年代初引燃了最终导致苏丹南北分离的内战,而今又成为导致两个苏丹激烈对抗的首要因素。分离和对立使南北苏丹的石油业发展陷入了困局:苏丹拥有石油基础设施,却失去了大部分石油资源;南苏丹拥有丰富的石油资源,却没有出口通道。合作是解决两国石油问题的唯一途径,只有合作才能使双方的石油收益最大化,这也是促使南北苏丹走向和平的希望之所在。Because of its enormous economic and strategic value, oil has be- come the leading cause of triggering or intensifying many domestic and international contradictions and conflicts, and oil in Sudan is no exception. Since the discovery of oil in Southern Sudan in the late 1970s, oil has been the focus problem both in Northern and Southern Sudan relations and in North and South Sudan relations. In the early 1980s, oil ignited the civil war which eventually led to the separation of Northern and Southern Sudan, and it now becomes the first element of two Sudans＇ bitter confrontation. Separation and hostility put Sudan and South Sudan＇ s develop- ment of oil industry in a predicament ： Sudan has oil infrastructure but loses most pe- troleum resources, while South Sudan has rich oil resource with no export passage. Cooperation is the only way to solve the problem of oil between two countries, be- cause only cooperation can maximize the oil revenue of two Sudans, and this is also the hope for the peace between Sudan and South Sudan.

关 键 词：石油 苏丹 南苏丹 美国 

分 类 号：D741.2[政治法律—政治学] F416.22[政治法律—中外政治制度]