泥沙起动流速的统一公式  

A unified formula for incipient velocity of sediment

作　　者：张红武[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水利水电工程系水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《水利学报》2012年第12期1387-1396,共10页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51039003)

摘　　要：在分析前人泥沙起动流速公式的基础上,通过理论探讨给出了泥沙颗粒间黏结力与水深引起的附加下压力的表达形式,在进行底部和平均流速换算时引入了张红武基于掺长模型与涡团模式建立的流速分布公式,遂基于黏结力与水深引起的下压力对泥沙起动具有同等重要的影响,以及天然河流泥沙运动的特征值,确定了公式的待定系数。从理论上建立的泥沙起动流速统一公式,不仅可概括粗细沙,而且能反映河床摩阻、含沙量及水温对泥沙起动的影响,并可适用于轻质沙。Based on analysis of previous sediment incipient velocity formulae, this paper established an expression form for the adhesive force among the sediment particles and additional downforce caused by the water depth through theoretical discussion, introduced Zhang Hongwu＇s velocity distribution formula based on mixing length model with eddy mode, and then the undetermined coefficient in formula has been determined in view of the same important influence on incipient motion by both adhesive force and additional downforce caused by the water depth and the eigen value of natural river sediment movement, The unified formula for incipient velocity of sediment theoretically established, which can not only summarize the thickness of the sand, but also reflect the effect of bed resistance and sediment concentration and water temperature on sediment incipient motion, and it is applicable in light sand.

关 键 词：泥沙 起动流速 河床摩阻 统一公式 

分 类 号：TV142[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]