苦草和黑藻对模拟西湖水体中COD_(Mn)及TN和NO_3-N的去除力分析  

Analysis on removal ability of Vallisneria natans and Hydrilla verticillata to COD_(Mn),TN and NO_3N in simulated water of West Lake

作　　者：李泽[1,2] 高小辉[3] 贺锋[1] 胡胜华[1] 夏世斌[2] 吴振斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430070 [3]杭州西湖风景名胜区管理委员会,浙江杭州310013

出　　处：《植物资源与环境学报》2012年第4期29-34,共6页Journal of Plant Resources and Environment

基　　金："十一五"国家水专项项目(2009ZX07106-002-004);湖北省杰出青年基金项目(2010CDA093)

摘　　要：研究了苦草〔Vallisneria natans(Lour.)Hara〕和黑藻〔Hydrilla verticillata(L.f.)Royle〕对模拟西湖富营养化水体中CODMn、TN和NO3-N的去除力及其动力学模型,并对实验期间(30 d)2种植物的株高及单株鲜质量的变化进行了分析。结果表明:种植30 d内,苦草和黑藻对水体中CODMn、TN和NO3-N的去除率均表现出前期较小、中期急剧增加、后期缓慢变化的趋势,且3项指标的去除过程均符合一级动力学模型。种植20～25 d后,苦草和黑藻对水体中CODMn、TN和NO3-N的去除效果均最佳;其中,苦草对CODMn、TN和NO3-N的最高去除率分别为66.7%、71.4%和68.2%,去除动力学方程分别为CCODMn=6.96e(-0.030t)、CTN=7.29e(-0.048t)和CNO3-N=5.12e(-0.046t),降解系数分别为0.030、0.048和0.046;黑藻对CODMn、TN和NO3-N的最高去除率分别为55.0%、61.4%和69.0%,去除动力学方程分别为CCODMn=6.91e(-0.043t)、CTN=6.55e(-0.033t)和CNO3-N=4.69e(-0.046t),降解系数分别为0.043、0.033和0.046。种植30 d后,苦草和黑藻的株高和单株鲜质量均明显增加,其中,苦草平均株高和平均单株鲜质量分别增加了53.0%和170.5%;黑藻平均株高和平均单株鲜质量分别增加了120.0%和216.7%。研究结果说明:苦草和黑藻在模拟西湖水体中均能够正常生长,且对富营养化水体有较好的净化作用,可用于水环境改善和水生态修复。The removal ability of Vallisneria natans （Lour.） Hara and Hydrilla verticillata （L. f.） Royle to CODM., TN and NO3-N in simulated eutrophic water of West Lake and their kinetics models were researched, and also, the change of individual height and fresh weight of two species was analyzed during the experimental period （30 d）. The results show that during planted for 30 d, the removal rates of V. natans and H. verticillata to CODMn, TN and NO3-N all appear the trend of lowering in earlier stage, sharply increasing in middle stage and slowly changing in later stage, and the removal processes of these three indexes are all conformed the first-rate kinetics model. After planted for 20-25 d, the removal effects of V. natans and H. verticillata on CODMn, TN and NO3-N in water are the best. In which, the highest removal rate of V. natans to CODMn, TN and NO3-N is 66.7%, 71.4% and 68.2%, the removal kinetics equation is CCODMn= 6.96e（-0.030t,）, CTN =7.29e（-0.048） and CNO3-N =5.12e（-0.046,）, and thedegradation coefficient is 0. 030, 0. 048 and 0. 046, respectively. While the highest removal rate of H. verticillata to CODM,, TN and NO3-N is 55.0%, 61.4% and 69.0%, the removal kinetics equation is CCODMn =6.91e , CTN =6.55e and CNO3.N =4.69e , and the degradation coefficient is 0. 043, 0. 033 and 0. 046, respectively. After planted for 30 d, the height and fresh weight per plant of two species both increase obviously, in which, the average height and average fresh weight per plant of V. natans are increased by 53.0% and 170.5%, and those of H. verticillata are increased by 120.0% and 216.7%, respectively. It is suggested that both V. natans and H. verticillata can grow normally in simulated water of West Lake and have better purification effects on eutrophic water, therefore, they can be used for water environment improvement and aquatic ecological rehabilitation.

关 键 词：苦草 黑藻 富营养化水体 CODMN 总氮 动力学模型 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学] X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]