平流层爆发性增温及其影响研究进展  

Advance in research on stratospheric sudden warming and its influences

作　　者：杨光[1] 李崇银[1,2] 李琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军理工大学气象学院,南京211101 [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所LASG国家重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《气象科学》2012年第6期694-708,共15页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2007CB411805);国家自然科学基金资助项目(40705023)

摘　　要：平流层爆发性增温(stratospheric sudden warming,SSW)是冬季平流层大气环流结构的一种突变现象,在短时间内平流层中高纬度的温度、风和极涡都会发生剧烈变化。因此,SSW也就成为平流层大气环流及其变化研究的重要方面之一。在强SSW期间,高纬地区温度急剧升高,西风被东风取代,极涡几乎全部崩溃。SSW极大地影响着北半球对流层大气,甚至整个中高层大气,包括对平流层乃至中层大气微量气体分布的重要影响。随着临近空间飞行平台的研究应用,以及由此而提出的临近空间环境条件的保障问题,作为临近空间重要组成部分的平流层环流变化将更加引起人们的关注。本文就SSW的特征、发生机制、对上下层相互作用的重要影响,以及SSW与准两年振荡、ENSO等的密切关系和SSW的数值模拟等方面的研究工作,进行了回顾和总结。Stratospheric sudden warming （SSW） event is a catastrophe phenomenon of atmospheric circulation in the stratosphere in winter. It involves drastic changes of temperature, wind and polar vortex in the stratospheric mid-high latitudes area during a short span of time. Therefore, the SSW is an impor- tant domain of studying atmospheric circulation and its variation in the stratosphere. During a major SSW, the cold air at high latitudes in the stratosphere can he replaced by warm air; the polar vortex is al- most entirely broken down and the mean eastward winds are replaced by westward winds. The SSW strongly affects the troposphere in the Northern Hemisphere and causes significant variations in the middle and upper atmosphere, including the distributions of trace gases. Along with the development and appli- cation of aviation platform in the near-space and the subsequent asking for environment ensuring in the near-space, the stratospheric circulation variability as an important part of the near-space is required to pay more attentions. In this paper, the characteristics, impacts and physical mechanism of the SSW are reviewed, besides, connections of the SSW with quasi-biennial oscillation and ENSO, the numerical sim- ulation of the SSW are also discussed.

关 键 词：平流层爆发性增温 大气微量气体 进展论述 

分 类 号：P434.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]