贝母类中药品种的本草考证  

Herbological Study for the Beimu Categorical Chinese Medicine on the Original Plants

作　　者：谢志民 王敏春 吕润霞 

机构地区：[1]西安市药品检验所,710054 [2]西安市中医医院,710001

出　　处：《中药材》2000年第7期423-427,共5页Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials

摘　　要：魏晋以前的药用贝母指假贝母。南北朝时期开始使用浙贝母,直到明代后期,假贝母和湖北贝母一直占居贝母的主要位置。明代末期,开始大量使用浙贝母和川贝母,浙贝母产于象山者称为象贝母,产于其它地区者称为土贝母,川贝母一开始就包括了伊贝母。中国药典等现代文献收载的土贝母,实为假贝母,应更名为贝母,以恢复其本来面目,亦可避免与本草著作中的土贝母(浙贝母)相混。湖北贝母可以作为浙贝母的代用品,而不应代川贝母药用。伊贝母可合并于川贝母项下,平贝母代川贝母使用则无本草文献依据。This article reports the herbologieal study of 'Beimu' categorical Chinese medicine on the original plants. The result showed that the medicinal 'Beimu' before 'Weijin' period is 'Jia Beimu' ( Bolhostemma paniculatum) ;'Nenbei' daynasty began to used 'Zhe Beimu' (Fritillaria thunbergii) , but 'Jia Beimu' and 'Hubei Beimu' (F. hupehensis) occupied an impor-tant position continuously; Last phase of 'Ming' dynasty began to used the 'Zhe Beimu' and 'Chuan Beimu' (F. cirrhosa, F. unibracteato, F. przewalskii and F. delavayi) for 'Beimu' greatly. The 'Zhe Beimu' from Xiangshan, Zhejiang Province, is named 'Xiang Beimu' and others are named 'Tu Beimu' and the 'Chuan Beimu' included the 'Yi Beimu' (F. walujuewii and F. pallidiflora)continuouly. So that, authors suggested that the contemporary documents such as Chinese Pharmcopoeia must recover the name 'Beimu' to change the name 'Tu Beimu' so as to avoid chaos with the 'Tu Beimu' of the herbological documents; 'Hubei Beimu' may take the place of 'Zhe Beimu' but don't substitue for 'Chuan Beimu';'Yi Beimu' may be merged into 'Chuan Beimu' to gear to actual circumstances and history; 'Ping Beimu' to take the place of 'Chuan Beimu' is not foundation from herhological documents.

关 键 词：贝母 假贝母 品种 浙贝母 本草考证 湖北贝母 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学] R281.2[医药卫生—中医学]