优秀乒乓球运动员肩胛肌失衡的表面肌电特点  

The surface electromyogram characteristics of elite table tennis athletes with scapular muscle imbalance

作　　者：李伟[1] 尚学东[1] 鲁智勇[1] 周敬滨[1] 李国平[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局运动医学研究所,北京100061

出　　处：《中国康复医学杂志》2013年第1期40-46,共7页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

基　　金：国家体育总局奥运攻关课题资助项目(07059)

摘　　要：目的:明确优秀乒乓球运动员是否存在肩胛肌失衡(SMI),并分析其特有的表面肌电图(sEMG)特点及发病机制,为预防康复措施提供科学依据。方法:选择国家男子乒乓球运动员,分为健康运动员组(HA)、肩胛失衡运动员组(IA)以及健康对照组(CON)进行肩胛肌肉sEMG测试。结果:正手击球时,IA组运动员的斜方肌上束(UT)和前锯肌(SA)的活动较CON组和HA组增大(显著性分别为P=0.002;P=0.004,P<0.001),而斜方肌中束(MT)的活动较后两组明显减小(P<0.001);反手击球时,IA组运动员的UT的活动较CON和HA组增大(P<0.001),MT的活动较后两组明显减小(P=0.015)。结论:优秀乒乓球运动员存在肩胛肌失衡,且有其特有的sEMG特点;SMI乒乓球运动员可能出现盂肱关节的前移、外移和下移。Objective： To look for the presence of scapular muscle imbalance（SMI） in elite table tennis athletes, while to determine its surface electromyogram（sEMG） characteristics and mechanism. Method： The sEMG data were collected while the participants performed striking,the athletes were divided into 3 groups： healthy athlete group（HA）, imbalance athlete group（IA）, control group（CON）. Result： During observe strike,compared with HA group and CON group, the activities of upper trapezius（UT） and serratus anterior（SA） of IA group were stronger（P=0.002,P=0.004,and P〈0.001, respectively）; while middle trapezius（MT） had less activity（P〈0.001）; during reverse strike,compared with HA group and CON group,the activity of UT of IA group were stronger（P〈0.001）,while middle trapezius（MT） had less activity（P=0.015）. Conclusion： The SMI was presented in table tennis athletes; its sEMG had unique characteristics; and the anterior, lateral and inferior displacements of glenohumeral might occur in table tennis athletes with SMI.

关 键 词：乒乓球运动员 肩胛肌失衡 表面肌电图 

分 类 号：R874[医药卫生—运动医学]