聚氨酯/有机蒙脱土纳米硬质泡沫的制备及表征  

Preparation and Characterization of Polyurethane/Organo-Montmorillonite Nanocomposites

作　　者：叶美玲[1] 洪金庆[1] 陈翠雪[1] 朱爱梅[1] 刘庆林[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学化学化工学院化学工程与生物工程系,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2013年第1期140-143,148,共5页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(20976145;21076170)

摘　　要：以OMMT为原料制备了聚醚-有机蒙脱土(POP-OMMT)纳米硬质泡沫。X射线衍射(XRD)测试表明聚醚多元醇(POP)插层进入OMMT层间,其层间距由2.1 nm扩大到3.9 nm。用不同比例POP-OMMT与POP、多异氰酸酯(PM200)及其它助剂反应,制备了聚氨酯/有机蒙脱土纳米硬质泡沫(PU/OMMT)。当聚氨酯(PU)中POP-OMMT添加量为2.20%和3.50%时,PU/OMMT的压缩强度分别比PU基体材料提高16.87 kPa和22.50 kPa,弯曲强度提高20.81kPa和35.35 kPa,断裂伸长率提高21.05%和28.15%,初始失重温度也提高了10.86℃和3.62℃。引入适量OMMT可提高聚氨酯硬质泡沫的力学性能和热稳定性。Polyether-polyol modified montmorilonites （POP-OMMT） were prepared using organo- montmorilonites （OMMT） as raw material. XRD analysis suggests that the oligomer polyether polyols intercalated into the inter layers of the organo-montmorilonites, and enlarged the basal spacing of the modified clays from 2.1 nm to 3.9 nm. Rigid polyurethane foam nanocomposites were synthesized by the reaction of POP-OMMT with polymethylidyne polyphenyl polyisocyanate, polyether polyols, chain extender, crosslinking agent and accessory ingredients. When 3.50 % POP-MMT was added to PU, the compressions strength, bend strength and extension increased by 22.50 kPa, 35.35 kPa and 28.15% respectively, the initial decomposition temperature increased by 3.62 ℃. The tests show that mechanical properties and thermal stability of the nanocomposites are better than those of pure PU.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 有机蒙脱土 纳米 插层 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]