生态环境对籼粳交后代株型特性和产量构成的影响  

Effect of Ecological Environments on Plant Type Traits and Yield Traits in F_2 of Cross Between indica and japonica

作　　者：金峰[1] 徐海[1] 江奕君[2] 赵明珠[1] 周平[1] 杨莉[3] 李茂柏[4] 徐正进[1] 陈温福[1] 郑家奎[3] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水稻研究所,辽宁沈阳110161 [2]广东省农业科学院水稻研究所,广东广州510640 [3]四川省农业科学院水稻研究所,四川德阳618000 [4]上海市农业科学院,上海201103

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2013年第1期49-55,共7页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30871468);教育部博士点基金资助项目(20092103110002)

摘　　要：以两个籼粳稻杂交F2群体(F2-A:晚轮422/沈农265;F2-B:泸恢99/沈农265)为试材,在四川和辽宁同年种植,研究生态环境对株型特性、产量构成及其相互关系的影响。结果表明,生态环境对株型特性和产量构成因素具有较为明显的影响。从四川到辽宁,株高和穗弯曲度显著提高,而穗长、剑叶长、剑叶宽及剑叶张角则表现出降低趋势。在辽宁,有效穗数、千粒重、结实率以及产量均显著高于四川,每穗粒数则显著低于四川。千粒重、结实率和产量表现为Cw(长剑叶、弯穗)>Cz(长剑叶、直穗)>Dw(短剑叶、弯穗)>Dz(短剑叶、直穗),穗数和每穗粒数以Dz最低,Cz和Cw较高。剑叶长与产量构成因素间的相关性均未达到显著水平,而剑叶宽与每穗粒数均呈显著或极显著正相关,在辽宁,剑叶宽与结实率呈显著负相关。穗弯曲度只在四川分别与结实率及产量显著或极显著正相关,在辽宁则表现为与大多数产量构成因素相关不显著。The effects of ecological environments on plant type traits and its relationship with yield traits were studied with two F2 populations,one derived from the cross between Wanlun 422（indica） and Shennong 265（japonica） named as F2-A,the other derived from the cross between Luhui 99（indica） and Shennong 265（japonica） named as F2-B,in Liaoning and Sichuan.The result showed that the ecological conditions had a significant effect on plant type traits and yield traits.From Sichuan to Liaoning,the plant height and panicle curvature increased significantly,the panicle length,flag leaf length,flag leaf width and leaf angle decreased.Number of panicles,1000-grain weight,seed setting rate and yield in Liaoning were significantly higher than those in Sichuan;Grain number per panicle in Sichuan was significantly more than that in Liaoning.In the four plant type patterns,the number of panicles,1000-grains weight,seed setting rate and yield showed a trend as follows： Cw type（long flag leaf,curved panicle） Cz type（long flag leaf,erect panicle） Dw type（short flag leaf,curved panicle） Dz type（short flag leaf,erect panicle）.Cz and Cw type rice showed higher numbers of panicles and grains per panicle for Dz type,the figures were the smallest among the four types.For all the four types,the flag leaf length was not significantly correlated with all of the yield traits,while the flag leaf width was significantly correlated with number of panicles.In Liaoning,the seed setting rate showed a significantly negative correlation with flag leaf width.The panicle curvature showed a significantly positive correlation with the seed setting rate and yield traits in Sichuan Province,but it was not significantly correlated with most of yield traits in Liaoning Province.

关 键 词：水稻 生态条件 籼粳杂交 株型模式 产量构成 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]