广州城郊婴儿出生及喂养情况调查  

Study on birth status and feeding pattern of the infants in urban and suburban areas of Guangzhou

作　　者：陆青贵[1] 焦昌娅[1] 林丹苗[1] 黄婕[1] 欧阳静仪[1] 杨波[1] 毛丽梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学公共卫生与热带医学学院营养与食品卫生学系,广东广州510515

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2013年第2期262-264,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金："十一五"国家支撑计划〔2008BAI58B07〕

摘　　要：目的:了解目前广州市城、郊区婴儿出生及喂养情况,找出婴儿喂养存在的问题及影响因素。方法:采用整群随机抽样的方法,抽取广州市越秀区和白云区郊区共2 040名42天以上、1岁以内婴儿及其母亲作为调查对象,逐一进行面对面问卷调查。结果:广州市城、郊区低出生体重儿、巨大儿和早产儿发生率分别为3.75%、4.20%和6.13%,城区显著高于郊区(P<0.01)。婴儿4个月内母乳喂养率为41.99%,城、郊区差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);出生后4个月内添加辅食的比例是29.34%,4～6个月为70.28%。Logistic回归分析显示,影响喂养行为的主要因素有乳汁分泌量、分娩方式、母亲年龄、地域、母亲文化程度和家庭年收入等。结论:广州城、郊区婴儿喂养方式仍存在很多不合理现象,应根据人群不同特点有针对性地开展健康教育,普及营养知识和科学育儿观念,提高母乳喂养率,并适时合理地添加辅食,以促进婴儿生长发育。Objective： To study the general birth status and feeding history of the infants born in urban and suburban areas of Guangzhou, and find out problems existing in infant feeding and its influencing factors. Methods： A total of 2 040 infants ranging from 42 days to 1 year and their mothers were selected as the participants by cluster sampling. The data was collected through Questionnaire interview with face to face. Results： The incidence of low birth weight, macrosomia and premature delivery was 3.75%, 4. 20% and 6. 13% respec- tively, with significant higher incidences in urban area （ all P 〈 0. 01 ） . 41.99% of infants were given exclusive breast feeding within 4 months after birth, with a significant difference between urban and suburban areas （P 〈 0. 01 ） . 29. 34% were added complementary foods within 4 months, and 70. 28% within 4 -6 months. The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that breastfeeding behavior was influ- enced by amount of milk - secretion, delivery mode, maternal age, living areas, maternal educational background and family income level, etc. Conclusion： Some unreasonable behaviors still exist in infant feeding. For increasing the breastfeeding rate and adding complementary feed appropriately, health education should be carried out directly to improve maternal nutritional knowledge and change their parenting con- cept into a scientific one.

关 键 词：婴儿 喂养方式 影响因素 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]