重型脑损伤气管切开病人肺部感染因素分析及护理对策  

ANALYSIS OF THE FACTORS OF SEVERE TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY PATIENTS WITH TRACHEOTOMY LUNG INFECTION AND NURSING COUNTERMEASURES

作　　者：孙敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]临沂市人民医院神经外科,山东临沂276003

出　　处：《山东医学高等专科学校学报》2012年第6期456-458,共3页Journal of Shandong Medical College

摘　　要：目的探讨重型脑损伤气管切开病人肺部感染的危险因素并总结其护理应对措施。方法回顾分析168例颅脑损伤中行气管切开患者的临床资料,对性别、年龄、有无基础疾患、置管时间、是否留置胃管、病室环境(ICU,普通病室)等项目进行单因素分析和非条件Logistic回归分析。结果 168例患者中78例肺部感染(感染率46.4%),Logistic回归分析患者年龄大、有基础痰患、置管时间长、留置胃管时间≥7d、在普通病室治疗均可视为气管切开后肺部易发感染的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论控制气管切开患者肺部感染发生的危险因素,加强人工气道管理是防治肺部感染的关键。Objective To investigate the risk factors and the nursing intervention of pulmonary infection after tracheotomy on severe traumatic brain injury patients. Methods The clinical data of 168 cases of severe traumatic brain injury in terms of gender, age, the underlying diseases, the intubation time, the stomach tube detaining and the ward environment were retrospectively analyzed by single-factor and non-conditional logistic regression analysis. Results 78 cases （46.4 %） were infected with pulmonary infection. The regression analysis revealed that old patient having based disorders and underlying diseases, needing long indwelling time and stomach tube detaining no less than 7 days and treated in ordinary ward were more likely to catch pulmonary infection（ P 〈0.05）. Conclusion Full attention should be paid to risk factors and the artificial airway management should be strengthened to prevent severe lung infection after tracheotomy for patients of traumatic brain injury.

关 键 词：脑损伤 气管切开 肺部感染 危险因素 护理对策 

分 类 号：R473.56[医药卫生—护理学]