余姚市2011年犬密度及居民犬伤后处置情况调查分析  

Survey of density of pet dogs and disposal of dog attack injuries in Yuyao city,China in 2011

作　　者：石亚锋 苗超[1] 王凌虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]余姚市疾病预防控制中心传染病防治科,浙江宁波315400

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2012年第6期569-571,共3页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

摘　　要：目的了解余姚市养犬密度、犬伤后就诊情况和狂犬病知识的知晓情况,为加强狂犬病的防制提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,先在余姚市随机抽取5个镇(街道),之后在被抽取的镇(街道)中随机各抽取2个村(社区),以户为调查对象,采用入户面对面的方式进行问卷调查。调查数据采用EpiData3.0和SPSS11.5软件进行整理分析。结果共调查3000户,383户(12.77%)家庭养犬,平均犬密度为16.13只/100户,犬免疫率为63.43%,犬伤率为0.69%;犬伤规范处理率为75.00%;93.91%的人知道犬伤后需接种狂犬病疫苗,88.13%的人知道狂犬病是病死率极高的传染病,仅30.32%的人知道被犬咬伤后应用水冲洗伤口;知晓率调查结果显示,城区人群明显高于农村地区。结论余姚市农村地区犬密度较高,部分犬伤患者伤口处理不规范或未全程接种狂犬病疫苗,提示要加强居民狂犬病防治知识及控制全市养犬数量和提高犬免疫率。Objective To investigate the density of pet dogs,disposal of dog attack injuries,and residents＇ knowledge about rabies in Yuyao city,China,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of rabies.Methods Stratified random cluster sampling was employed for data analysis.Firstly,five towns（subdistricts） were randomly selected from Yuyao.Then,two villages（communities） were randomly selected from each of the five towns（subdistricts）.In each village（community）,questionnaire survey was performed on households in a face-to-face manner.The obtained data were analyzed using EpiData 3.0 and SPSS 11.5.Results A total of 3000 households were surveyed,in which 383 households（12.77%） kept pet dogs.The mean density of pet dogs reached 16.13 dogs per 100 households,the immunization rate of dogs was 63.43%,and the dog attack injury rate was 0.69%.The rate of standard treatment for dog attack injuries was 75.00%.According to the survey,93.91% of the participants knew that rabies vaccine should be given after dog attack injury,88.13% were aware that rabies was an infectious disease with an extremely high fatality rate,and only 30.32% replied that the dog-bite wounds should be immediately flushed with water.The survey results revealed that the level of knowledge about rabies was significantly higher in urban population than in rural population.Conclusion The density of pet dogs is relatively high in the rural areas of Yuyao city,China.Some cases of dog attack injuries did not receive standard wound treatment or complete vaccination procedure,indicating that certain measures should be implemented to enhance residents＇ knowledge about the prevention and control of rabies,control the number of pet dogs,and improve the immunization rate of pet dogs.

关 键 词：犬密度 调查 

分 类 号：R184[医药卫生—流行病学]