渭河流域大型底栖动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系  

Macrobenthos community structure and its relationships with environmental factors in Weihe River basin,Northwest China

作　　者：殷旭旺[1,2] 徐宗学[1] 高欣[3] 白海锋[2] 武玮[1] 宋进喜[4] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [2]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院辽宁省水生生物学重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [3]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [4]西北大学城市与环境学院,西安710069

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2013年第1期218-226,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理重大科技专项(2009ZX07212-002-003);科技部国际合作项目(2009DFA22980);国家自然科学基金项目(51279005;51079123)资助

摘　　要：于2011年10月对渭河流域45个采样点的大型底栖动物进行调查采样.共采集到大型底栖动物116属(种),其中水生昆虫91(属)种,占78.4%;软体动物12种,占10.3%;环节动物9种,占7.8%;甲壳动物4种,占3.4%.利用大型底栖动物的物种组成以及物种相对丰度数据,应用双向指示种分析和无偏对应分析将45个样点分为3组.第1组样点的指示物种为锯形蜉属1种(Serratella sp.)、纹石蛾属1种(Hydropsyche sp.)和朝大蚊属1种(Antocha sp.);第2组样点指示物种为虻属1种(Tabanus sp.)、Alotanypus venustus、Pelecorhynchidae1种、Liodessussp.和霍甫水丝蚓(Limnodrilus hoffmeistteri);第3组指示物种为黑翅蜉(Ephemera nigroptera)和半球多脉扁螺(Polypylis hemisphaerula).典范对应分析表明,卵石+砾石型底质、流速、电导率、水深和总氮显著影响了渭河流域底栖动物群落的空间分布.In October 2011, an investigation was conducted on the macrobenthos at 45 sampling sites in the Weihe River basin of Northwest China. A total of 116 macrobenthos species were collected, of which, 91 species （78.4%） were aquatic insects, 12 species （10.3%） were mollusks, 9 species （7.8%） were annelids, and 4 species （3.4%） were crustaceans. According to the spe- cies composition and relative abundance of macrobenthos, the 45 sampling sites could be divided into three groups by using two-way indicator species analysis （TWINSPAN） and detrended corre- spondence analysis （DCA）. In the first group, SerrateUa sp. , Hydropsyche sp. , and Antocha sp. were the indicator species. In the second group, Tabanus sp. , Alotanypus venustus, one species of Pelecorhynchidae, Liodessus sp. , and Limnodrilus hoffmeistteri were the indicator species. In the third group, Ephemera nigroptera and Polypylis hemisphaerula were the indicator species. The canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） indicated that ＇cobble ＋ boulder＇ type substrate, current velocity, water conductivity, water depth, and water total nitrogen content had significant effects on the spatial distribution of macrobenthos in Weihe River basin.

关 键 词：渭河 大型底栖动物 空间分布特征 指示物种 环境因子 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]