2010-2012年北京地区儿童轮状病毒腹泻的流行病学研究  

Epidemiological study of rotavirus diarrhea in Beijing area from 2010 to 2012

作　　者：叶卉初[1] 刘玉华[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院儿科,北京100050

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2012年第6期432-434,共3页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

摘　　要：目的调查北京友谊医院就诊儿童轮状病毒腹泻的流行状况。方法收集北京友谊医院2010年1月至2012年1月底门诊及住院的腹泻患儿的粪便标本972例，采用胶体金免疫层析法快速检测A组RV抗原。结果在972例中轮状病毒阳性者为370例，阳性检出率38．1％；男女比例为2．14：1。2岁以下患儿占轮状病毒腹泻发病率的91．4％。该病高发病率主要集中在较寒冷的季节，即每年的10月至次年的3月，而且从11月到12月为高峰期，但全年各月均有发生，春夏季节的发病率在腹泻患儿中也占有相当的比例（11．1％至41．7％不等）。结论轮状病毒是北京地区婴幼儿感染性腹泻的主要病原体。由其引起的腹泻发病率在〈24月龄组的腹泻患儿中所占的比例最大；且以秋冬季节为高发期。因此，即便在春夏季节也应加强对该病的监测与防治，以期在进入年底高发期时能降低其发病率，并为该病进一步的流行病学调查收集和提供更多的动态性资料。Objective To investigate the epidemic of diarrhea caused by rotavirus infection among children treated at the Beijing Friendship Hospital in a period of 2 years. Methods Stool samples were collected from 972 diarrheic children from January 2010 to January 2012. The antigen of rotavirus was detected by the gold imunochromatography assay （GICA）. Result Among the samples studied, 370 out of 972 cases （38.1%） were positive for rotavirus antigen. The ratio of infected boys and girls was 2.14： 1. Most infected children （91.4%） were under the age of two. The viral infection takes place all year round but breaks out mainly within a cold season that lasts from October through March, with a peak in November and December. Even in the spring and summer, however, its prevalence rates were quite significant among the children with diarrhea, ranging from 11.1% to 41.7%. Conclusion In Beijing area, rotavirus is the major etiologic cause of diarrhea in children, especially in those under the age of 2. The peak prevalence occurs at any given time during the late fall and early spring seasons. It is necessary, therefore, to strengthen the surveillance of rotavirus infection in the spring and summer seasons in order not only to predict and prevent a potential outbreak in the end of the year, but also collect and provide more dynamic data for the further epidemiologic research of rotavirus diarrhea in the children.

关 键 词：儿童 住院 腹泻 轮状病毒属 流行病学 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科] R181[医药卫生—临床医学]