皖北某地区无偿献血者ABO及Rh血型分布调查  

Survey of population distribution of ABO and Rh blood donors in Huainan area

作　　者：孙友岭 周涛[1] 万胜全 程星[1] 张慧[1] 方眴 

机构地区：[1]安徽省淮南市中心血站检验科,232007

出　　处：《淮海医药》2013年第1期27-29,共3页Journal of Huaihai Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查研究皖北淮南地区无偿献血者ABO血型及Rh血型系统抗原分布状况,掌握淮南市临床用血ABO、Rh血型分布,以便更好的解决临床用血的供需平衡,提高无偿献血的组织效率。方法用血型群体遗传学研究方法,选择皖北淮南地区的无偿献血者25 139名,进行ABO、Rh血型系统的检测,并通过对ABO、Rh血型系统表现型及基因频率的计算和统计,完成皖北淮南地区血型分布的调查分析。结果皖北淮南地区人群ABO血型基因频率为r>p>q,血型分布中A型占30.69%,B型占28.07%,O型占31.29%,AB型占9.95%;Rh阴性占总数0.43%,其表现型分布特征为O>A>B>AB,RhD(-)频率为0.43%,与全国汉族人群RhD(-)频率0.2%-0.5%相吻合。结论ABO、Rh血型为2个独立的血型系统,掌握其在皖北淮南地区人群中的分布规律,对皖北地区临床科学供血及RhD(-)稀有血型档案库的建立,以及有效缓解医院输血缺乏状况,提高临床治疗水平,降低免疫性输血反应的发生非常重要。Objective To investigate the distribution of antigen in ABO and Rh blood group systems in Huainan area,understand the clinical use of ABO and Rh blood group and promote the balance of blood supply and demand. Methods 25,139 voluntary blood donors in Huainan area were investigated. Their ABO and Rh blood group systems were tested in terms of phenotype and gene frequency. The final resuh of Huainan area blood group distribution was reached based on the investigation and analysis. Results Among the population in Huainan area, the gene frequency of ABO blood type was r 〉 p 〉 q, with blood group distribution in type A 30.69% , B 28.07%, O 31.29% ,and AB 9.95% respectively; Rh negative accounts for 0.43% of the total population. The distribution of phenotype was O 〉 A 〉 B 〉 AB. The distribution of RhD （ - ） frequency was 0. 43 %, which was consistent with the RhD （ - ） frequency of 0. 2% - 0.5 % of the Han population in the country. Conclusion ABO blood group and Rh blood group were two separate systems. Knowledge of their situation of distribution in Huainan area contributes greatly to the clinical blood supply in the area and the establishment of a repository of rare blood group of RhD （ - ）. It may also alleviate the current inefficient situation of hospital transfusion and to a great degree improve the clinical treatment and reduce the incidence of immunological transfusion reactions.

关 键 词：ABO血型 RH血型 分布 皖北淮南地区 

分 类 号：R457.11[医药卫生—治疗学]