海岸基干林带木麻黄蒸腾速率和水分利用效率的动态变化特征  

Dynamic of transpiration and water use efficiency of Casuarina eguisetfolia in coastline forest

作　　者：叶功富[1] 高伟[1] 殷亮 王亨 黄石德[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省林业科学研究院,福州350012 [2]广西省防城港市水利水电勘测设计院,广西防城港538000 [3]湖北省孝南区水务局,湖北孝南432000

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2012年第6期104-109,共6页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"海陆交界带的土地利用变化对典型植被碳吸存影响的宏微观尺度研究"(41176092);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划"南亚热带防台风防护林体系研究与示范"(2009BADB2B0302);国家林业局南方山地用材林培育重点实验室资助;福建省森林培育与林产品加工利用重点实验室资助

摘　　要：采用Li-6400便携式光合系统,观测福建东山岛海岸基干林带木麻黄的蒸腾作用和水分利用效率在不同时间尺度上的动态变化。结果表明:1)基干林带木麻黄的蒸腾速率日动态为单峰曲线,湿季峰值出现在12:00,干季峰值出现在14:00,日均值湿季(1.33 mmol/(m2·s))>干季(1.022 mmol/(m2·s)),湿季蒸腾速率的日变化与气温和光合有效辐射呈显著正相关,干季与气温和气孔导度呈显著正相关;2)蒸腾速率的季节动态为单峰曲线,6月最高,1月最低,不同季节蒸腾速率的平均值为夏季(1.74 mmol/(m2·s))>春季(1.28 mmol/(m2·s))>秋季(1.24mmol/(m2·s))>冬季(1.06 mmol/(m2·s)),蒸腾速率的季节变化与气温、光合有效辐射和叶面水气压亏缺呈显著正相关;3)水分利用效率日动态为单峰曲线,湿季日变化较小,干季日变化较大,干季上午的水分利用效率高于湿季,水分利用效率的季节变化为双峰曲线,峰值分别为9月和1月。可见,在水分条件较好时,木麻黄具有较高的蒸腾作用和水分利用效率,在水分条件较差时,木麻黄可通过降低蒸腾作用,提高水分利用效率来维持生长,对水分变化具有较强的适应性。The dynamic change pattern of transpiration rate and water use efficiency of Casuarina eguisetfolia in coastline forest were measured using Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system.The results showed that the diurnal variation of transpiration rate was single-peak curve,the peak occurred at 12：00 in wet season and 14：00 in dry season,the daily mean in wet season（1.33 mmol/（m2·s））was greater than that in dry season（1.022 mmol/（m2·s））,the diurnal variation of transpiration rate was significantly positively correlated with air temperature and photosynthetically active radiation in wet season and significantly positively correlated with air temperature and stomatal conductance in dry season.The seasonal variation of transpiration rate was single-peak curve,which was highest in June and lowest in January,and the average of transpiration rate in different season was summer（1.74 mmol/（m2·s））spring（1.28 mmol/（m2·s）） autumn（1.24 mmol/（m2·s））winter（1.06 mmol/（m2·s））,the seasonal variation of transpiration rate was significantly positively correlated with air temperature and photosynthetically active radiation and vapor pressure deficit at the leaf.The diurnal variation of water use efficiency was single-peak curve,and the daily change in wet season was greater than that in dry season,the water use efficiency in the morning of dry season was higher than that in wet season,the seasonal variation of water use efficiency was double-peak curve,and the peak occurred at September and January in turn.Therefore,the Casuarina eguisetfolia performed high transpiration rate and water use efficiency under better moisture condition,when the moisture condition was worse,Casuarina eguisetfolia can reduce transpiration rate and improve water use efficiency to maintain its growth,which showed strong adaptability to moisture change.

关 键 词：木麻黄 海岸带 基干林带 蒸腾速率 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S728.6[农业科学—林木遗传育种]