温度、光照和水分胁迫对塔拉(Caesalpinia spinose Kuntze)种子萌发特性的影响  

Effect of Temperature,Light and Water Stress on Caesalpinia spinose Kuntze Seed Germination

作　　者：包松莲[1] 李志国[1] 张建云[1] 郑书星[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2012年第6期2284-2288,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：林业科技成果国家级推广项目"塔拉生态经济林高效栽培示范与推广"([2012]28号);林业公益性行业科研专项(200704018)

摘　　要：采用控制实验研究了不同温度梯度、光照和采用PEG-6000模拟水分胁迫对塔拉(Caesalpinia spinose Kuntze)种子萌发的影响。结果表明:①15～30℃为塔拉种子萌发的适宜温度范围,萌发率在90%以上,平均发芽速率在7 d以内,但最适宜的发芽温度为25℃,平均发芽速率仅需2.77 d,5 d内即可萌发完全,发芽率达99%,发芽整齐。低温条件下,塔拉种子萌发较为困难,在5℃低温1个月内发芽率仅为32.50%,转移到25℃恒温箱后,5 d后发芽率达到90.83%。高温30℃以上也不适宜种子萌发,萌发率下降,胚根发黄,很难正常成苗;②光照对塔拉种子的发芽影响不十分明显,以每天光照12 h或遮光条件下发芽效果较好;③塔拉种子在PEG-6000浓度15%以下的水分胁迫下,萌发率和平均发芽速率无显著变化,萌发率可达87.5%以上。当水分胁迫加强,萌发率急剧下降,PEG-6000浓度达到20%时发芽率为70%,到25%时仅有16%的萌发率,到30%时种子基本不萌发。因此塔拉种子能忍受一定程度的水分胁迫,PEG-6000浓度为25%时的水势可能是塔拉种子萌发的水分临界值。The effects of seed germination of Caesalpinia spinose Kuntse was studied by control experiments which were different temperature gradients, light and PEG-6000 simulations of water stress. The results showed that： （i） the suitable temperature range for seed germination was 15 -30 ℃. Germination rate was above 90 %. Average rate of germination was less than 7 days. Average rate of germination took 2. 77d at optimum temperature 25 ℃, and Tara seed finished germination in 5 days and the germination rate was over 99 %. In low tempera- ture conditions, Tara seed germ/nation was very difficult. The germination rates was only 32.5 % within one month at 5 ℃, but the germination rate could be 90.83 % after transferred to thermostat at 25℃ after 5 days. High temperature above 30 ℃ also was not suitable for seed germination. The germination rate was lower, embryo root was yellowed, and it was difficult for normal growth; （ii） the effect of light on Tara seed was not obvious. The light 12 hours every day or shading condition had better effect; （iii） Tara seed germination rate and average germination rate in PEG-6000 concentration 15 % following water stress had no significant changes. The germination rate could be above 87. 5 %. When strengthening water stress, the germination rate sharply fell. When PEG-6000 percent was 20 %, the germination rate was 70 %. When PEG-6000 percent was 25 %, the germination rate was only 16 %. The seeds did not germinate in PEG-6000 30 %. Tara seeds could tolerate a certain level of water stress. The water potential at 25 % PEG-6000 could be the critical value for Tara seeds germination.

关 键 词：塔拉 萌发温度 水分胁迫 光照条件 萌发率 

分 类 号：S759.3[农业科学—森林经理学]