基于雅克比符号的公平硬币抛掷方案  

Fair Coin Tossing Scheme Based on Jacobi Symbol

作　　者：高丽丽[1] 王红愿[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学计算机科学学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《计算机技术与发展》2013年第1期131-134,共4页Computer Technology and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61070189)

摘　　要：在现实生活中,往往碰到许多难以抉择的问题,这时,往往倾向于用抛硬币的方式解决。比如足球比赛,比赛开始前,两方足球队的队长各选一面来决定各自的半场。然后裁判抛掷硬币,如果硬币正面,那么甲方从左往右攻;反之,乙方从左往右攻。这个实验就是一种简单的硬币抛掷协议。然而,对于不在同一地方的两人来说,如何公平地抛掷硬币,就是一个有待研究的问题了。文中基于雅克比符号的运算性质以及因子分解的困难性,给出了一种安全高效的公平硬币抛掷问题的解决方案。与已有方案相比,该方案计算简单,且克服了单向散列函数难构造的问题。In real life, tend to encounter many difficult choices, by this time, tend to solve by Coin toss. Such as the football match, before the match, the captain of two sides of the football team chooses one side to decide their half-court, then judge the toss of a coin：,if a coin is positive, then party a from left to fight attack;conversely, partly b from left to fight attack. This experintent is a kind of simple coin drop agreement, however, for two people not in the same place, how I：o fairly toss a coin, which is a research remains to be the problem. Based on operational properties and the difficulty of factofization for Jacobi symbols .give the solution to the problem of a safe and effective and fair coin tossing. Compared with the existing program, the progrmn is simple, and to overcome the problem of a one-way hash function is difficult to construct.

关 键 词：公平硬币抛掷 雅克比符号 安全通信 

分 类 号：TP31[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]