含超级铝热剂双基推进剂的感度特性  

Sensitivity Characteristics of Double Base Propellants Containing Super Thermites

作　　者：安亭[1] 赵凤起[1] 高红旭[1] 郝海霞[1] 马海霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所燃烧与爆炸技术重点实验室,陕西西安710065 [2]西北大学化工学院,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《推进技术》2013年第1期129-134,共6页Journal of Propulsion Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21173163);火炸药燃烧国防科技重点实验室基金(9140C3501041001)

摘　　要：采用超声分散复合法制备了铝热剂Al/PbO、Al/CuO和Al/Bi2O3,在评估其与双基推进剂主要组分相容性的基础上,将其应用于双基推进剂中。依据国军标方法考察了含不同铝热剂双基(MIC-DB)推进剂的机械感度,运用静电火花感度测试仪评估了不同MIC-DB推进剂对静电刺激响应的危险性,采用爆发点法测定了几种MIC-DB推进剂的热感度。结果表明,铝热剂对双基推进剂样品撞击感度的影响很小,几个配方的摩擦感度略显稍大,铝热剂种类对摩擦感度的影响很小;含超级铝热剂双基推进剂的静电火花感度均较低;含超级铝热剂双基推进剂的热感度受铝粉粒度差异和铝热剂类别(铝热剂中金属氧化物)不同的影响,含纳米级超级铝热剂双基推进剂对热的抵抗能力均比微米级的大。Super thermites Al/PbO, Al/CuO and Al/Bi203 were prepared by ultrasonic dispersion method using nano-Al, micro-Al, nano-PbO, nano-CuO and nano-Bi203 as the raw materials. On the bases of results of compatibility evaluation between super thermites and some double-base （DB） propellant compo- nents, these super thermites were applied in DB propellant. According to the national military standard methods, the mechanical sensitivity of different MIC-DB propellants was reviewed. Electrostatic spark sensi- tivity tester was employed to evaluate the risk of different MIC-DB propellants v. s. electrostatic response. The thermal sensitivity of several MIC-DB propellants was studied by 5s explosion temperature method. The results show that the effect of impact sensitivity of thermites on DB propellants is smaller, the friction sensi- tivities of several MIC-DB propellants are slightly larger, and the type of thermites has little effect on the friction sensitivity of MIC-DB propellants. The electrostatic spark sensitivity of all MIC-DB propellants is relatively low. The thermal sensitivity of several MIC-DB propellants is affected by the size of nano-A1 and the category of super thermites. In comparison with the MIC-DB propellants with micro thermites, the heat-resistance of nano-MIC-DB propellants is larger.

关 键 词：物理化学 铝热剂 双基推进剂 机械感度 静电火花感度 热感度 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O64[理学—物理化学]