“选精”、“集粹”与“宋代江南农业革命”——对传统经济史研究方法的检讨  

“Choosing the Refined” and “Collecting the Essential” and the Agricultural Revolution South of the Yangtze River During the Song Dynasty ——A Criticism of Traditional Methods in the Research on Economic History

作　　者：李伯重[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学人文学院

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2000年第1期177-192,共16页Social Sciences in China

摘　　要：“宋代经济革命说”是国际中国史坛上最流行的成说之一 ,本文彻底否定了这种观点。文章指出 ,中国是个传统的农业社会 ,如果真有“宋代经济革命” ,首先应表现为“宋代江南农业革命” ,但从经济成长方式看 ,宋代江南虽有若干重要进步 ,但并没有出现可以称为“革命”的重大变化。因此 ,“宋代江南农业革命”只不过是一个“虚像”而已。产生这种错误的根源是方法论 ,主要表现为“选精法”和“集粹法” ,这两种方法的主要错误都在于将某一或某些例证所反映的具体的和特殊的现象加以普遍化 ,从而使之丧失了真实性。因此 ,对以往的研究方法进行总结 ,是今日中国经济史研究的当务之急。The theory of “economic revolution during the Song dynasty” is one of the established theories that have the greatest influences. This paper thoroughly refutes this view. According to the paper, China was a traditional agricultural society, if there had been the “economic revolution during the Song dynasty” it would have been embodied as an “agricultural revolution south of the Yangtze River”. In terms of economic growth pattern, although there were important progress south of the Yangtze River during the Song dynasty, there was no change that could be so important that it could be called a “revolution”. So the “agricultural revolution south of the Yangtze River during the Song dynasty” was just a “mirror image”. This falsehood was rooted in methodology as reflected by “choosing the refined” and “collecting the essential”. Both methods mistook the specific and particular phenomena as the universal and drew the wrong conclusion. It is therefore an urgent task now to sum up the previous methods.

关 键 词：宋代 江南 农业革命 中国 经济史研究 研究方法 

分 类 号：F329[经济管理—产业经济]