采伐对小兴安岭森林沼泽土壤碳质量分数和碳密度的影响  

Effects of Cutting on Soil Carbon Content and Density of Forested Swamps in Xiao Hinggan Mountain,Northeast China

作　　者：刘夏[1] 牟长城[1] 周文昌[1] 包旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2013年第1期42-47,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30670349)

摘　　要：为了研究不同采伐强度对小兴安岭森林沼泽土壤碳质量分数和碳密度的影响,选取兴安落叶松(Larix gmelinii)—油桦(Betula ovalifolia)—修氏苔草(Carex schmidtii)沼泽、兴安落叶松—油桦—笃斯越橘(Vaccin-ium uliginosum)—藓类沼泽和兴安落叶松—狭叶杜香(Ledum palustre var.angustum)—泥炭藓(Sphagnum magel-lanicum)沼泽3种森林沼泽类型,利用Elementar vario MACRO元素分析仪测定土壤碳的质量分数,并计算土壤碳密度。研究结果表明:采伐对土壤碳质量分数和碳密度的影响因森林沼泽类型和采伐强度的不同而不同,不同土层受到采伐的影响也存在差异。在碳质量分数方面,采伐一般使兴安落叶松—油桦—修氏苔草沼泽土壤层的碳质量分数有所降低,且随着采伐强度的增大降低幅度加大;采伐改变了兴安落叶松—油桦—笃斯越橘—藓类沼泽土壤层碳质量分数的分布格局,但对其土壤碳质量分数影响不大;择伐既改变了兴安落叶松—狭叶杜香—泥炭藓沼泽各土壤层碳质量分数的分布格局,也提高了深层土壤碳的质量分数;皆伐对土壤碳的质量分数及其分布格局的影响规律与择伐相类似,但未达到显著水平。对0～50 cm土体的碳密度而言:相对于对照样地,兴安落叶松—油桦—修氏苔草沼泽择伐后减低1.9%,皆伐后降低40.6%;兴安落叶松—油桦—笃斯越橘—藓类沼泽择伐后降低8.8%,皆伐后降低18.3%;兴安落叶松—狭叶杜香—泥炭藓沼泽择伐后增加27.3%,皆伐后降低25.7%。The Larix gmelinii-Carex schmidtii swamp, Larix gmelinii-moss swamp and Larix gmelinii-Sphagnum magellanicum swamp were selected to study the effects of different harvesting intensity of forest swamp on soil carbon content and soil car- bon density in Xiao Hinggan Mountain. Soil canbon content was analyzed by using Elementar vario MACRO, and soft car- bon density was calculated. The dynamics of them are unique in different cutting intensity and different soil layers. In L. gmelinii-C, schmidtii swamp, the soil carbon content decreases more in clear cutting quadrat than that in thinning quadrat. In L. gmelinii-moss swamp, the distribution of carbon content in the soil profile changes in both thinning and clear cutting quadrat, but the quantity of soil carbon content has little changes. In L. gmelinii-S, magellanicum swamp, the distribution of carbon content in soil profile changes and the quantity of soil carbon content of deep layer increases in thinning quadrat. The influence of clear cutting is similar to thinning, but does not reach significant levels. Some decrease or increase of car- bon density ior the top 50 cm of soil was observed. Compared with the quantities in quadrats, the changes are as followings ： in L. gmelinii-C, schmidtii swamp, 1.9% is decreased by ＇after thinning, and 40.6% is decreased by after clear cutting; in L. gmelinii-moss swamp, 8.8% is decreased by after thinning, and 18.3% is decreased by after clear cutting; in L. gmeliniis, magellanicum swamp, 27.3% is increased by after thinning, and 25.7% is decreased by after clear cutting.

关 键 词：森林沼泽 择伐 皆伐 碳质量分数 碳密度 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]