中国农田重金属问题的若干思考  

SOME DELIBERATIONS ON THE ISSUES OF HEAVY METALS IN FARMLANDS OF CHINA

作　　者：曾希柏[1] 徐建明[2] 黄巧云[3] 唐世荣 李永涛[5] 李芳柏[6] 周东美[7] 武志杰[8] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081 [2]浙江大学环境与资源学院,杭州310058 [3]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉430070 [4]农业部天津环境保护科研监测所,天津300191 [5]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州510642 [6]广东省生态环境与土壤研究所,广州510650 [7]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008 [8]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016

出　　处：《土壤学报》2013年第1期186-194,共9页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2012BAD14B02;2012BAD05B06);农业部行业专项(201203045)的部分内容

摘　　要：在对我国若干典型区域调研及资料分析的基础上,作出了当前我国耕地重金属"主产区基本安全,重点区域风险较大"的基本判断,提出了针对农田土壤采用"重金属含量超标"替代"重金属污染"的观点,指出我国农业主产区农田重金属存在明显的累积趋势。同时,在对我国土壤重金属钝化和活化、植物吸收和阻控、微生物转化和利用等研究成果进行总结和借鉴基础上,提出了强化重金属超标农田安全利用、重金属含量阈值制订、重金属污染源头和过程阻控、超标农田修复以及产地环境安全保障体系等系列建议。On the basis of the site-specific survey and data analyses, we got a viewpoint that the heavy metal contents in the main agricultural regions of China were acceptable and safe, except some specific regions with high risk of heavy metal pollution. Although the heavy metal contents in most farmlands are just ＂overproof＂ rather than ＂polluted＂, there is a significant tendency towards the accumulation of heavy metals in farmlands. Meanwhile, based on the summary of publications on soil heavy metals in China such as immobilization and mobilization, plant uptake and barrier, and microbial transformation and utilization of soil heavy metals, some suggestions were proposed on safe utilization of farmlands with high content of heavy metals, establishment of heavy metal thresholds, control and remediation of heavy metal pollution, safely controlling strategies for producing fields, and so on.

关 键 词：农田 重金属 超标 风险 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]