外商直接投资、劳动力异质性与农村剩余劳动力转移——基于新古典一般均衡拓展模型的分析  

Foreign Direct Investment,Labor Heterogeneity and Transfer of Redundant Rural Labor Force: Analysis Based on Neo-classical General Equilibrium Model

作　　者：许和连[1] 赵德昭[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学经济与贸易学院

出　　处：《财贸经济》2013年第1期82-92,共11页Finance & Trade Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(10BJL040);国家自然科学基金项目(70879039);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-09-0337);2012年湖南省博士研究生科研创新项目(CX2012B133)资助

摘　　要：针对二元劳动力市场分割和特殊的转型经济背景,本文将外商直接投资、人力资本和农村剩余劳动力同时纳入新古典一般均衡的分析框架。理论分析表明,外商直接投资通过提高农村剩余劳动力的边际收益和改变高、低素质剩余劳动力的供给量,从而改变劳动力市场的供需均衡水平。进一步的实证研究发现,外商直接投资对农村剩余劳动力的转移就业具有显著的正向促进作用,但东部地区外商直接投资的就业吸纳作用要明显大于中西部地区。人力资本对农村剩余劳动力转移的影响效应具有明显的"U型"曲线特征,东部地区异质型人力资本的"门槛值"为7.46年,而中西部地区相应的"门槛值"为5.88年。在经济转型的现实背景下,充分利用外资产业梯度转移的战略机遇和发挥"干中学效应"加快人力资本积累,将是中国在未来解决农村剩余劳动力就业问题和实施劳动力资源"二次开发"的必然选择。Under the special background of dual labor market segmentation and the transition economies, this paper establishes a theoretical analysis framework based on the developmental neo-classical general equilibrium which includes foreign direct investment, human capital and transfer of redundant rural labor force. Theoretical research shows that FDI can change the equilibrium level of labor market by improving labor marginal benefit and labor supplies. Further empirical study finds that foreign direct investment has significant positive impacts on the transfer of redundant rural labor force. The effect in eastern region is significantly larger than that in central and western regions of China. The relationship between human capital and transfer of redundant rural labor force shows significant ＂U-shape＂, the ＂threshold value＂ of idiosyncratic human capital in eastern region is 7.46 years, while that in central and western regions is 5.88 years. In order to solve the employment of redundant rural labor force and ＂secondary development＂ of labor resources, foreign industrial gradient transfer should be fully used in the context of economic restructuring, while ＂learning by doing effect＂ can accelerate the accumulation of human capital in the future.

关 键 词：外商直接投资 劳动力异质性 农村剩余劳动力转移 系统GMM估计 

分 类 号：F832.6[经济管理—金融学] F249.2