见义勇为认定的法理反思与制度建构  

Legal Reflection and Institutional Construction of Samaritanism

作　　者：孙日华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学法学院,山东济南250100 [2]石家庄经济学院法学院,河北石家庄050031

出　　处：《东北大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第1期86-90,共5页Journal of Northeastern University(Social Science)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金资助项目(12YJC820092)

摘　　要：见义勇为行为的立法应该将范围限定在见义勇为行为发生之后,不能对见义不为者进行法律的制裁,否则将导致更多的道德风险。准见义勇为者和被救助者相对于国家机关具有信息优势,但是,二者之间又缺乏未来反复合作的机会。如果排除道德因素,二者之间缺乏必要的信任基础。要解决信息、信任造成的见义勇为的尴尬局面,可以通过法律进行调整:利用现行的无因管理、不当得利以及诈骗罪等法律规定进行规制;重新界定见义勇为的范围、申报和调查程序、公益基金运作、免责条款等,最终实现见义勇为行为的法治化。Legislation should limit the scope of samaritanism, and people who refuse to help should not be punished legally, otherwise more moral hazards will arise. Compared to organs of state, quasi- samaritans and rescuers have information advantage; however, they lack repeated opportunities for collaboration in the future days. Ethical considerations excluded, the two parties do not have the essential basis of trust. To solve the embarrassing situation of information and trust, the current laws of spontaneous agency, unjust enrichment and fraud crime should be regulated, and samaritanism should be redefined in terms of scope, procedure of reporting and investigation, operation of public welfare funds and exemption clauses. Ultimately, samaritanism should be legalized.

关 键 词：见义勇为 信任 道德 法律 

分 类 号：D910.1[政治法律—法学]