几种喷雾器械的雾滴沉积特性及其对麦蚜的田间药效评价  

Droplet Deposition Characteristics and Its Field Efficacy Evaluation against Wheat Aphids with Several Spray Equipment

作　　者：程志[1,2] 高占林[2] 党志红[2] 李耀发[2] 潘文亮[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学植物保护学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所,河北省农业有害生物综合防治工程技术研究中心农业部华北北部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,河北保定071000

出　　处：《农药》2013年第1期63-66,共4页Agrochemicals

基　　金：公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201103022-4)

摘　　要：[目的]科学使用喷雾器械防治小麦蚜虫。[方法]采用室内模拟和田间喷雾相结合的方法,对4种喷雾器械在小麦植株穗部的沉积特性和对麦蚜的田间防治效果进行评价。[结果]3WBD-16型电动喷雾器0.9 mm喷孔、3WBS-16A型背负式手动喷雾器、JACTO HD400型背负式手动喷雾器、3WBD-16型电动喷雾器2 mm喷孔4种喷雾器械雾滴体积中径分别为114、128、133、161μm;其中114μm雾滴覆盖率最高;田间喷施高容量900 L/hm2和常量600 L/hm2时,114μm雾滴的防治效果最高;114μm雾滴常量喷雾药后7 d的防效与高容量喷雾无明显差异,但显著高于低容量300 L/hm2喷雾。[结论]田间防治麦蚜时,建议使用114μm的雾滴进行喷雾,常量喷雾可以达到理想的防治效果。[Aims] The study aims to provide a scientific basis for the use of new spray equipment to control wheat aphids. [Methods] The droplet deposition characteristics and field efficacy against wheat aphids with four kinds of spray equipment were evaluated in this study by the combination of indoor simulation and field spray method. [Results] The droplet size （VMD） of four kinds of spray equipments were 114, 128, 133, 161 μm respectively. The highest coverage rate of VMD was 114μm. The highest efficacy was 114μm when spraying with high volume 900 and 600 L/ha volume. There was no significant difference of field efficacy in every droplet size when spraying with 300 L/ha; and there was no significant difference of droplet size of 114μm of field efficacy between spraying volume of 900 and 600 L/ha, but higher significantly than low volume of 300 L/ha. [Conclusions] When selecting spray equipment against wheat aphids, the droplet of 114μm and volume of 600 L/ha will be optimal choice for the saving of labor, water and times.

关 键 词：喷雾器械 麦蚜 防治效果 雾滴密度 覆盖率 沉积特性 

分 类 号：S491[农业科学—植物保护]