基于mtDNA Cytb序列分析养殖与野生刀鲚群体的遗传多样性  

Studies on the Genetic Diversity of Farmed and Wild Populations of Coilia nasus by Analysing Mitochondrial DNA Cyt b genes

作　　者：魏广莲[1] 徐钢春[2] 顾若波[2] 李建林[2] 徐跑[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214081 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心/农业部淡水鱼类遗传育种和养殖生物学重点开放实验室,江苏无锡214081

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2012年第6期1216-1221,1244,共7页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD26B05);中央级公益性科研院所科研专项(2011JBFA17);公益性行业科研专项(201203065);江苏省水产三新工程重大项目(DZ2012-1);江苏省科技支撑计划(农业)项目(BE2011411)

摘　　要：为比较刀鲚(Coilia nasus)的人工养殖群体与野生群体的遗传结构差异,为刀鲚的种质资源保护和养殖业的可持续发展提供科学依据,应用线粒体DNA细胞色素b基因的序列分析法研究了灌江纳苗养殖刀鲚子三代(F3)、洄游刀鲚(长江野生群体)和湖鲚3个淡水生活环境下的群体遗传多样性。结果显示:刀鲚线粒体DNA细胞色素b基因大小为1 141 bp;在3个群体22尾个体中,找到12种不同的单倍型,单倍型多态性(h)为0.922,多态位点(S)为18,其中单一多态位点9个,简约信息位点9个,核苷酸多样性(π)为0.004 1,平均核苷酸差异数(K)为4.714,平均遗传距离为0.004 2。洄游刀鲚和养殖刀鲚群体的核苷酸多样性、遗传距离都比湖鲚高,说明养殖刀鲚比湖鲚的遗传多样性要丰富,仍保持着较高的遗传多样性。To provide a system analysis of differences in genetic diversity,and scientific evidences of conservation of the germ plasm resources and industrialized artifical culture of Coilia nasus,the genetic diversity and genetic structure of Coilia nasus were assessed from three populations by using mitochondrial Cyt b sequences.The complete mitochondrial Cyt b gene sequence is 1141 bp.Twelve haplotypes were detected from the 22 individuals and the haplotype diversity（h） was 0.922.And 18 variation sites were defined,of which 9 were singleton polymorphic sites and the other 9 were parsimony informative polymorphic sites.The nucleotide diversity（π） was 0.004 1,the average nucleotide difference（K） was 4.714 and the average genetic distance was 0.004 2.The result showed that genetic parameters and heredity diversities of farmed Coilia nasus and wild Coilia nasus were higher than those of Coilia nasus taihuensis,which meant farmed Coilia nasus populations still had a high genetic diversity.

关 键 词：刀鲚 养殖群体 野生群体 细胞色素B 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S965.227[农业科学—水产养殖]