“奠基牲”的渊源及其文化内涵考辩  

Study of the Origin of Foundation Sacrifice and Its Cultural Connotation

作　　者：何丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学历史文化学院,四川成都610064

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2012年第6期99-107,共9页Journal of Shihezi University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：该文对"奠基牲"的考古发掘情况进行了介绍,对"奠基牲"的身份及产生根源问题进行了探讨,驳斥了"长子说"、"祭品说"和"不明血缘说",认为"奠基牲"是特指建造过程中用于墙基下、墙体中、房基下和居住地面下的人牲,见于先秦,盛于殷商。他们的存在源于胜利者惧于仇敌的鬼魂复仇,而采取的将他们的灵魂以重物镇压封锁的措施。所以实际上,他们并不具有奠基趋吉避凶的本义,本文因于习惯,仍沿用学界称谓。This paper first introduces the archaeological excavations of the ＂foundation sacrifice＂, and then discusses their identity and origin and refutes the assumptions of ＂eldest son being sacrificed＂ and ＂civilians being sacrificed＂ and ＂people of unknown origin being sacrificed＂. And the paper claims that the ＂foundation sacrifice＂ is the human beings and animals buried under wall bases, building founda- tions,inside walls themselves, which were found in early Qin Dynasty and prevailed in Yin and Shang Dynasties. Their existences result from the winners＇ fear of the foe ghosts＇ revenge. So they repressed or blocked enemy＇s ghosts by heavy objects. In fact, they do not have foundation＇s original functions of pur- suing good fortunes and shunning ill ones. Because of academic convention, this paper still use the term of foundation sacrifice.

关 键 词：奠基牲 身份 产生 京观 

分 类 号：K871[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]